Prevalence of smoking in the home, and univariate and multivariable analysis of associated factors
| Characteristic | All sample | Smoking occurs in the home | Unadjusted OR | Adjusted OR |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N=471) | (N=76) | (N=465) | ||
| N (column %) | N (row %) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| Smoking status baseline | ||||
| Recent ex-smoker | 231 (49.0) | 20 (8.7) | Reference* | |
| Current smoker | 240 (51.0) | 56 (23.3) | 3.21 (1.86 to 5.60) | |
| Smoking behaviour baseline | ||||
| Recent ex-smoker | 231 (49.8) | 20 (8.7) | Reference* | |
| ≤5 cigarettes per day | 104 (22.4) | 19 (18.3) | 2.36 (1.20 to 4.64) | |
| 6–10 cigarettes per day | 71 (15.3) | 14 (19.7) | 2.60 (1.23 to 5.45) | |
| ≥11 cigarettes per day | 58 (12.5) | 21 (36.2) | 5.99 (2.96 to 12.12) | |
| Smoking status 3 months after childbirth | ||||
| Ex-smoker | 192 (40.8) | 9 (4.7) | Reference* | |
| Current smoker | 279 (59.2) | 67 (24.0) | 6.43 (3.12 to 13.25) | |
| Smoking behaviour 3 months after childbirth | ||||
| Ex-smoker | 192 (40.8) | 9 (4.7) | Reference* | Reference* |
| ≤5 cigarettes per day | 105 (22.3) | 25 (23.8) | 6.35 (2.84 to 14.23) | 6.17 (2.63 to 14.46) |
| 6–10 cigarettes per day | 83 (17.6) | 11 (13.3) | 3.11 (1.24 to 7.81) | 2.09 (0.78 to 5.63) |
| ≥11 cigarettes per day | 91 (19.3) | 31 (34.1) | 10.51 (4.73 to 23.32) | 8.17 (3.41 to 19.55) |
| Baseline heaviness of smoking index | ||||
| Low addiction | 171 (36.3) | 35 (20.5) | Reference* | |
| Moderate addiction | 60 (12.7) | 17 (28.3) | 1.54 (0.78 to 3.01) | |
| High addiction | 3 (0.6) | 2 (66.7) | 7.77 (0.68 to 88.19) | |
| Not applicable/non-smoker | 237 (50.3) | 22 (9.28) | 0.40 (0.22 to 0.71) | |
| Maternal age (years) | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 26.5 (5.6) | 24.6 (4.6) | 0.93 (0.88 to 0.97)* | 0.94 (0.89 to 1.00)† |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| White British | 416 (88.9) | 62 (14.9) | Reference† | Reference† |
| Other ethnicity | 52 (11.1) | 14 (26.9) | 2.10 (1.08 to 4.11) | 2.69 (1.19 to 6.06) |
| Highest qualification | ||||
| No qualifications | 61 (13.0) | 20 (32.8) | Reference* | |
| GCSEs or equivalent | 183 (38.9) | 28 (15.3) | 0.37 (0.19 to 0.72) | |
| AS/A-Levels or equivalent | 116 (24.6) | 10 (8.6) | 0.19 (0.08 to 0.45) | |
| Degree or equivalent | 94 (20.0) | 11 (11.7) | 0.27 (0.12 to 0.62) | |
| Other qualification | 17 (3.6) | 7 (41.2) | 1.43 (0.48 to 4.33) | |
| Age left full-time education | ||||
| ≥17 years of age | 208 (45.3) | 22 (10.6) | Reference† | |
| ≤16 years of age | 230 (50.1) | 48 (20.9) | 2.23 (1.29 to 3.84) | |
| Still in full-time education | 21 (4.6) | 3 (14.3) | 1.41 (0.38 to 5.17) | |
| Employment | ||||
| Paid work, manual | 102 (21.8) | 13 (12.8) | Reference | |
| Paid work, non-manual | 129 (27.5) | 13 (10.1) | 0.77 (0.34 to 1.74) | |
| Paid work, unclear whether manual/non-manual | 27 (5.8) | 6 (22.2) | 1.96 (0.67 to 5.75) | |
| Unemployed | 90 (19.2) | 21 (23.3) | 2.08 (0.97 to 4.45) | |
| Full-time parent | 97 (20.7) | 18 (18.6) | 1.56 (0.72 to 3.39) | |
| Full-time student | 13 (2.8) | 2 (15.4) | 1.24 (0.25 to 6.26) | |
| Other | 11 (2.4) | 3 (27.27) | 2.57 (0.60 to 10.93) | |
| Indices Multiple Deprivation score (IMD)‡ | ||||
| 1st tertile | 157 (33.3) | 16 (10.2) | Reference* | Reference† |
| 2nd tertile | 157 (33.3) | 17 (10.8) | 1.07 (0.52 to 2.20) | 1.03 (0.47 to 2.25) |
| 3rd tertile | 157 (33.3) | 43 (27.4) | 3.32 (1.78 to 6.21) | 2.30 (1.13 to 4.68) |
| Partner smoking at 3 months after childbirth | ||||
| Partner does not smoke tobacco | 201 (42.7) | 17 (8.5) | Reference* | |
| Partner smokes tobacco | 220 (46.7) | 51 (23.2) | 3.27 (1.82 to 5.88) | |
| No partner | 50 (10.6) | 8 (16.0) | 2.06 (0.83 to 5.09) | |
| Attitudes towards SHS | ||||
| Negative attitudes towards child SHS exposure (≥15 out of a possible 20) | 419 (89.5) | 51 (12.2) | Reference* | Reference* |
| Less negative attitudes towards child SHS exposure (≤14 out of a possible 20) | 49 (10.5) | 25 (51.0) | 7.52 (4.00 to 14.14) | 5.24 (2.57 to 10.68) |
*Significant at p<0.001.
†Significant at p<0.05.
‡Higher score reflects greater deprivation.
GCSE, General Certificate of Secondary Education; SHS, secondhand smoke.