Factor | Group | Number in sample | Prevalence of two or more negative symptoms (%) | Association with two or more negative symptoms: OR (95% CI), p value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unadjusted | Adjusted model (n=7676)* | ||||||
Age (years) | 16–19 | 203 | 27.6 | 0.35 (0.25 to 0.49) | <0.001 | 0.50 (0.35 to 0.71) | <0.001 |
20–29 | 1337 | 52.0 | Reference | Reference | |||
30–39 | 1775 | 47.0 | 0.82 (0.71 to 0.94) | 0.006 | 0.85 (0.73 to 0.99) | 0.033 | |
40–49 | 1983 | 42.6 | 0.69 (0.60 to 0.79) | <0.001 | 0.71 (0.61 to 0.82) | <0.001 | |
50–59 | 1137 | 37.2 | 0.55 (0.47 to 0.64) | <0.001 | 0.56 (0.47 to 0.67) | <0.001 | |
60–69 | 654 | 29.1 | 0.38 (0.31 to 0.46) | <0.001 | 0.39 (0.31 to 0.48) | <0.001 | |
70+ | 589 | 18.0 | 0.20 (0.16 to 0.26) | <0.001 | 0.22 (0.17 to 0.28) | <0.001 | |
Gender | Male | 4592 | 45.3 | Reference | Reference | ||
Female | 3084 | 34.7 | 0.64 (0.59 to 0.71) | <0.001 | 0.77 (0.70 to 0.85) | <0.001 | |
Marital status (most recent) | Single | 5795 | 44.6 | Reference | Reference | ||
Married/cohabiting | 785 | 31.6 | 0.57 (0.49 to 0.67) | <0.001 | 0.76 (0.64 to 0.90) | 0.002 | |
Divorced/separated | 776 | 33.4 | 0.62 (0.53 to 0.73) | <0.001 | 0.85 (0.71 to 1.00) | 0.054 | |
Widowed | 208 | 21.2 | 0.33 (0.24 to 0.47) | <0.001 | 0.77 (0.53 to 1.12) | 0.178 | |
Employment (most recent) | Unemployed | 4956 | 47.9 | Reference | Reference | ||
Employed | 341 | 39.6 | 0.71 (0.57 to 0.89) | 0.003 | 0.68 (0.54 to 0.86) | 0.001 | |
In education | 311 | 39.6 | 0.71 (0.56 to 0.90) | 0.004 | 0.81 (0.63 to 1.03) | 0.089 | |
Retired | 7 | 14.3 | 0.18 (0.02 to 1.51) | 0.114 | 0.40 (0.04 to 3.52) | 0.405 | |
ADL impairment | Absent | 4700 | 41.9 | Reference | Reference | ||
Present | 2283 | 46.3 | 1.20 (1.08 to 1.32) | <0.001 | 1.35 (1.21 to 1.52) | <0.001 | |
Social impairment | Absent | 4432 | 42.7 | Reference | Reference | ||
Present | 2533 | 44.4 | 1.07 (0.97 to 1.18) | 0.158 | 0.94 (0.84 to 1.05) | 0.240 | |
Delusions/hallucinations | Absent | 3904 | 41.9 | Reference | Reference | ||
Present | 3077 | 45.0 | 1.14 (1.03 to 1.25) | 0.009 | 1.19 (1.07 to 1.31) | 0.001 | |
Depression | Absent | 4976 | 45.2 | Reference | Reference | ||
Present | 2014 | 38.8 | 0.77 (0.69 to 0.85) | <0.001 | 0.74 (0.66 to 0.82) | <0.001 |
*Results adjusted for all the factors reported in this table; two cases with no recorded data on gender were dropped.
ADL, activities of daily living.