Associations of risks of low-grade albuminuria with HbA1c levels
| HbA1c levels | pFor trend | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model | ≤37 mmol/mol (5.5%) | 38–42 mmol/mol (5.6–6.0%) | 43–48 mmol/mol (6.1–6.5%) | 49–53 mmol/mol (6.6–7.0%) | >53 mmol/mol (7.0%) | |
| Model 1 | 1.00 | 1.16 (1.04–1.30) | 1.52 (1.30–1.79) | 2.04 (1.59–2.62) | 3.34 (2.76–4.05) | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 | 1.00 | 1.05 (0.94–1.18) | 1.24 (1.05–1.48) | 1.40 (1.06–1.84) | 2.25 (1.77–2.85) | <0.0001 |
| Model 3 | 1.00 | 1.05 (0.94–1.18) | 1.25 (1.04–1.50) | 1.40 (1.04–1.90) | 2.21 (1.61–3.03) | <0.0001 |
Data were ORs (95% CIs).
Model 1: Unadjusted.
Model 2: Adjusted for age, sex, smoking and drinking status, physical activity, BMI, TG, HDL-c, LDL-c, SBP, use of ACEI/ARB drugs, use of antidiabetic drugs and eGFR.
Model 3: Further adjusted for FPG and 2 h PG based on model 2.
2 h PG, 2 h postload glucose; ACEI, ACE inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin A1c; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TG, triglyceride.