Meta-analyses results of major clinical outcomes and time in therapeutic range
| Outcomes | Self-monitoring | Standard care | RR (95% CI) | p Value | Number of trials | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of events | Total number | Number of events | Total number | ||||
| All bleeding | 736 | 4278 | 736 | 4116 | 0.95 (0.74 to 1.21) | 0.66 | 22* |
| Self-management | 250 | 2403 | 310 | 2237 | 0.94 (0.68 to 1.30) | 0.69 | 15 |
| Self-testing | 486 | 1875 | 426 | 1879 | 1.15 (1.03 to 1.28) | 0.02 | 7 |
| Major bleeding | 247 | 4188 | 231 | 4014 | 1.02 (0.86 to 1.21) | 0.82 | 21* |
| Self-management | 96 | 2403 | 78 | 2237 | 1.08 (0.81 to 1.45) | 0.60 | 15 |
| Self-testing | 151 | 1785 | 153 | 1777 | 0.99 (0.80 to 1.23) | 0.92 | 6 |
| Minor bleeding | 489 | 2757 | 505 | 2668 | 0.94 (0.65 to 1.34) | 0.73 | 13 |
| Self-management | 154 | 1081 | 232 | 1035 | 0.84 (0.53 to 1.35) | 0.47 | 9 |
| Self-testing | 335 | 1676 | 273 | 1633 | 1.23 (1.06 to 1.42) | 0.005 | 4 |
| Thromboembolic events | 149 | 4278 | 202 | 4116 | 0.58 (0.40 to 0.84) | 0.004 | 22* |
| Self-management | 54 | 2403 | 106 | 2237 | 0.51 (0.37 to 0.69) | <0.0001 | 15 |
| Self-testing | 95 | 1875 | 96 | 1879 | 0.99 (0.75 to 1.31) | 0.95 | 7 |
| Mortality | 197 | 3323 | 225 | 3214 | 0.83 (0.63 to 1.10) | 0.20 | 13 |
| Self-management | 44 | 1674 | 68 | 1619 | 0.68 (0.46 to 1.01) | 0.06 | 10 |
| Self-testing | 153 | 1649 | 157 | 1595 | 0.97 (0.78 to 1.19) | 0.74 | 3 |
| Time in therapeutic range | NA | 2598 | NA | 2521 | WMD 2.82 (0.44 to 5.21) | 0.02 | 11* |
| Self-management | NA | 870 | NA | 828 | WMD 0.47 (−1.40 to 2.34) | 0.62 | 6 |
| Self-testing | NA | 1728 | NA | 1693 | WMD 4.44 (1.71 to 7.18) | 0.001 | 5 |
*For the subgroup meta-analysis according to type of anticoagulant therapy management—, a 4-armed trial, contributed to two studies: one on self-testing and one on self-management.62
NA, not applicable; RR, relative risk; WMD, weighted mean difference.