Table 4

The adjusted ORs for suicidal ideation among the participants whose CESD-11 score is 16 or over, according to the various settings of thresholds of EHE

EHE >10%EHE > 20%
OR95% CIp ValueOR95% CIp Value
EHE during the past 2 years
 None1.001.00
 2011, remote1.280.722.280.3971.190.662.130.571
 2012, recent1.981.213.220.0062.461.573.85<0.001
 2011 and 20121.861.153.020.0121.891.083.310.026
  • We adjusted all the individual and household characteristics including sex, age, education, the presence of spouse, perceived health status, regular medication, income level, number of family members, the number of economically active family members, the presence of disabled in the family and the presence of those aged over 65 years in the family.

  • CESD-11, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.

  • ‘EHE’ is excessive health expenditure, which is the proportion of health cost in the disposable income of the household.