Characteristics of population and EMS system in Seoul and Osaka
| Seoul | Osaka | |
|---|---|---|
| Total population, N | 9 631 482 | 8 776 018 |
| Area (km2) | 605 | 1898 |
| Population density (/km2) | 15 914 | 4624 |
| Age, year, median (IQR) | 37 (23–52) | 43 (26–63) |
| Gender ratio (male: female) | 0.96 | 0.93 |
| EMS, N | ||
| Ambulance stations | 114 | 212 |
| Basic EMS providers | 382 | 1671 |
| Intermittent EMS providers | 347 | 1204 |
| Ambulance vehicles | 117 | 286 |
| Change in community/EMS effort in improving outcomes after OHCA, year | ||
| Bystander CPR in EMS Act or fire department regulation | 2002 | 1982 |
| Standardisation of CPR training and public support programme for CPR training for bystander and first responder | 2005 | 1993 |
| PAD programme in EMS Act or fire department regulation | 2008 | 2004 |
| Quality assurance for EMS performance | 2005 | 1998 |
| Special continuous medical education programme for EMS providers | 2007 | 1991 |
CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; EMS, emergency medical service; OHCA, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; PAD, public access defibrillator.