Neonatal characteristics and complications observed in infants with respiratory distress regarding DM treatment
| Variable | Non-DM N=333 | IT-DM N=36 | NIT-DM N=43 | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at NICU admission (hours) | ||||
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.43 |
| Minimum; maximum | 0; 72 | 0; 72 | 0; 1 | |
| Exogenous surfactant | 20 (6%) | 4 (11%) | 6 (14%) | 0.08 |
| Number of surfactant doses instilled | ||||
| 1 dose | 19/20 (95%) | 3/4 (75%) | 5/6 (83%) | |
| 2 doses | 1/20 (5%) | 1/4 (25%) | 1/6 (17%) | |
| Mechanical ventilation | 115 (35%) | 13 (36%) | 20 (47%) | 0.31 |
| Duration of mechanical ventilation (days) | ||||
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 0.5 (0.5–1.0) | 3.2 (0.5–3.0) | 1.0 (0.5–4.5) | 0.07 |
| Minimum; maximum | 0.5; 8.0 | 0.5; 18 | 0.5; 7.0 | |
| Non-invasive ventilation | 175 (53%) | 21 (58%) | 23 (55%) | 0.82 |
| Duration of non-invasive ventilation (days) | ||||
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 0.5 (0.5–1.0) | 0.5 (0.5–1.0) | 1.0 (0.5–1.0) | 0.60 |
| Minimum; maximum | 0.5; 7.0 | 0.5; 4.0 | 0.0; 4.0 | |
| Oxygen therapy | 57 (17%) | 7 (19%) | 4 (10%) | 0.43 |
| Duration of oxygen therapy (days) | ||||
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 1.0 (0.5–2.0) | 3.0 (1.0–16.0) | 1.5 (0.8–5.0) | 0.07 |
| Minimum; maximum | 0.5; 15.0 | 0.5; 18.0 | 0.5; 8.0 | |
| Persistent pulmonaryhypertension | 9 (3%) | 2 (6%) | 3 (7%) | 0.15 |
| Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | 1 (0%) | 4 (11%) | 1 (2%) | <0.0001 |
| Inotropes | 9 (3%) | 2 (6%) | 4 (9%) | 0.05 |
| Death | 4 (1%) | 1 (3%) | 1 (2%) | 0.32 |
| NICU stay duration (days) | ||||
| Median (Q1–Q3) | 2.0 (1.0–4.0) | 4.0 (1.0–6.8) | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 0.13 |
| Minimum; maximum | 0.5; 37.0 | 0.5; 57.0 | 0.5; 13.0 | |
DM, diabetes mellitus; IT-DM, insulin-treated DM; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; NIT-DM, non-insulin-treated DM.