Comparison of CV risk factors between study population and excluded patients as well as changes in CV risk factors in 1998 and 2007
| Study population | Excluded population | p Value | 2007 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n=973) | (n=563) | |||
| Age, year (mean) | 56.9±9.9 | 55.8±10.4 | 0.06 | 66.9±9.9 |
| Sex, female (n, %) | 640 (66.2) | 362 (64.3) | 0.45 | 640 (66.2) |
| Ethnicity (n, %) | 0.16 | |||
| Malay | 225 (23.3) | 155 (27.5) | 225 (23.3) | |
| Chinese | 438 (45.4) | 221 (39.3) | 438 (45.4) | |
| Indian | 291 (30.2) | 180 (32.0) | 291 (30.2) | |
| Others | 13 (1.2) | 7 (1.2) | 13 (1.2) | |
| DM (n, %) | 419 (43.3) | 260 (46.3) | 0.28 | 556 (57.5) |
| HbA1c, % (mean) | 7.8±1.9 | 7.9±1.9 | 0.28 | 7.5±1.7 |
| DM controlled with HbA1c ≤6.5% (n, %) | 113 (11.6) | 64 (11.4) | 0.89 | 168 (17.4) |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg (mean) | 140.7±18.6 | 139.0±19.7 | 0.22 | 134.9±16.5 |
| Use of antihypertensive agents (n, %) | 577 (59.7) | 308 (54.7) | 0.09 | 791 (81.8) |
| RAS blocker use (n, %) | 71 (7.3) | 27 (4.8) | 0.05 | 465 (48.1) |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L (mean) | 6.1±1.1 | 5.8±1.1 | 0.06 | 4.9±1.0 |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/L (mean) | 1.2±0.4 | 1.4±0.2 | 0.49 | 1.3±0.3 |
| LDL cholesterol, mmol/L (mean) | 3.0±0.8 | |||
| Statin use in 1998 (n, %) | 95 (9.8) | 32 (5.7) | 0.005 | 608 (62.9) |
| Smoker (n, %) | 59 (6.1) | 47 (8.3) | <0.001 | 59 (6.1) |
BP, blood pressure; CV, cardiovascular; DM, diabetes mellitus; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; RAS, renin-angiotensin system.