Table 5

Crude and adjusted ORs of household water and sanitation conditions in relation to stunting for children who participated in the Comprehensive Nutrition Survey in Maharashtra for under-2s*

NCrude OR (95% CI)Adjusted OR (95% CI)
Household drinking water source
 Other9131.0 (Reference)Not retained in the final model
 Piped3690.86 (0.60 to 1.23)
Place of defecation
 No facility/bush/field7901.0 (Reference)1.0 (Reference)
 Any toilet facility4920.57 (0.41 to 0.78)0.61 (0.44 to 0.85)
Wealth index
 Poorest3921.0 (Reference)Not retained in the final model
 Poorer4151.00 (0.68 to 1.46)
 Middle3061.04 (0.70 to 1.57)
 Richer1330.75 (0.43 to 1.31)
 Richest†360.70 (0.25 to 1.93)
Maternal education
 No schooling1811.0 (Reference)Not retained in the final model
 Primary school1430.82 (0.47 to 1.4)
 Secondary school7430.70 (0.46 to 1.06)
 >Secondary school2150.58 (0.31 to 1.11)
Maternal height
 ≥150 cm7901.0 (Reference)1.0 (Reference)
 <150 cm4802.30 (1.69 to 3.13)2.22 (1.63 to 3.01)
  • *Missing values for all indicators were less than 3%.

  • †OR (95% CI) for children 0–5 months was dropped due to the small sample size.