Key steps in conducting BIA
| Step | Activity |
|---|---|
| 1 | Select a measure of living standard or SES to rank the population from poorest to richest |
| 2 | Estimate the utilisation of different types of health services by different socioeconomic groups |
| 3 | Calculate the unit cost (or unit price in the case of private for-profit providers) of each type of health service |
| 4 | Multiply utilisation rates by unit costs for each type of health service for each group |
| 5 | If only the distribution of public subsidy is being considered, deduct direct user fee or out-of-pocket payments for each type of health service for each group |
| 6 | Aggregate benefits of utilisation (or public subsidy), expressed in monetary terms, across different types of health service for each group |
| 7 | Evaluate the distribution of benefits or subsidy against some target or ideal distribution, such as distribution according to need |
Adapted from McIntyre and Ataguba.18
BIA, benefit incidence analysis; SES, socioeconomic status.