Inclusion and exclusion criteria
| Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
|---|---|
| (1) Patient is at least 40 years old | (1) Patient has a history of prior hip surgery |
| (2) Patient diagnosed by X-ray or MRI with mild or moderate (grades 1 and 2) OA based on the Tonnis classification of OA51 Grade 0: no signs of OA Grade 1: mild: increased sclerosis, slight narrowing of the joint space, no or slight loss of head sphericity Grade 2: moderate: small cysts, moderate narrowing of the joint space, moderate loss of head sphericity Grade 3: severe: large cysts, severe narrowing of obliteration of the joint space, severe deformity of the head | (2) Patient is unable to complete the research tasks due to cognitive impairment or language barriers |
| (3) Patient has a history of failed conservative management | (3) Patient is unwilling or unable to provide informed consent |
| (4) Patient provides a written informed consent |
OA, osteoarthritis.