Table 3

Effects of gender and family history on the relationship between nutrients and brain glucose metabolism

		AVG_FDG	IPL	LTL	MFG	PCC	PFC
Gender (women, n=33 vs men=16)
β-carotene
Women	β	0.33^a	0.29	0.32^a	0.33^a	0.34^a	0.28
	SE	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
Men	β	0.01	−0.01	0.08	0.08	0.06	−0.02
	SE	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
Folate
Women	β	0.31^a	0.34^a	0.24	0.28	0.38	0.24
	SE	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
Men	β	0.29	0.25	0.18	0.22	0.31	0.28
	SE	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
Saturated fats
Women	β	−0.35^a	−0.30	−0.32^a	−0.38^a	−0.37^a	−0.34^a
	SE	0.008	0.009	0.007	0.01	0.01	0.009
Men	β	0.15	0.16	0.17	0.12	0.09	0.12
	SE	0.004	0.005	0.004	0.008	0.005	0.007
Family history (FH+, n=33 vs FH−=16)
β-carotene
FH+	β	0.42^b	0.35^a	0.42^b	0.43^b	0.45^b	0.42^b
	SE	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
FH−	β	−0.10	−0.10	−0.17	0.12	0.06	−0.2
Gender×family history (FH+ women, n=23 vs other participants=26)
β-carotene
FH+ women	β	0.48^a	0.43^a	0.46^a	0.49^b	0.50^b	0.47^a
	SE	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
Other	β	0.04	−0.006	0.08	0.09	0.04	0.05
	SE	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
Gender×APOE genotype (APOE4+ women, n=13 vs other participants=36)
β-carotene
APOE4+ women	β	0.52^a	0.46^a	0.48^a	0.54^a	0.53^a	0.48^a
	SE	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
Other	β	0.10	0.10	0.10	−0.08	0.03	−0.08
	SE	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001
Saturated fats
APOE4+ women	β	−0.66^b	−0.60^a	−0.59^b	−0.57^b	−0.68^b	−0.57^a
	SE	0.02	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.03
Other	β	0.11	0.11	0.16	0.18	0.08	0.19

Standardised β and SE estimates from linear regression using age-residual nutrient values and caloric intake-residual nutrient values.
^ap<0.05, ^bp≤0.01.
APOE, apolipoprotein E; AVG, average cortical ROI; IPL, inferior parietal lobe; LTL, lateral temporal lobe; MFG, medial frontal gyrus; PCC, posterior cingulate cortex; PFC, prefrontal cortex.