ORs and associated 95% CIs of being above the recommended treatment threshold for various risk score models as a result of a 1 SD increment above the mean for each anthropometric measure of obesity by ethnicity
| Ethnicity | BMI | WC | WHR |
|---|---|---|---|
| General CVD 10-year predicted risk for CVD incidence and death (threshold=10%)19 | |||
| Australia | 1.69*** (1.55 to 1.85) | 2.16*** (1.96 to 2.38) | 2.36*** (2.13 to 2.62) |
| UK and Ireland | 1.71*** (1.29 to 2.25) | 1.86*** (1.42 to 2.43) | 2.09*** (1.58 to 2.75) |
| Northern Europe | 2.50*** (1.67 to 3.74) | 2.28*** (1.61 to 3.24) | 2.23*** (1.55 to 3.21) |
| Southern Europe | 1.37 (0.97 to 1.94) | 1.64** (1.18 to 2.28) | 1.89** (1.32 to 2.70) |
| Asia | 1.14 (0.62 to 2.09) | 1.57 (0.97 to 2.56) | 1.48 (0.88 to 2.47) |
| General CVD 10-year predicted risk for CVD incidence and death (threshold=20%)18 20 | |||
| Australia | 1.65*** (1.43 to 1.91) | 2.07*** (1.78 to 2.41) | 2.11*** (1.80 to 2.47) |
| UK and Ireland | 1.12 (0.64 to 1.96) | 1.22 (0.73 to 2.05) | 1.68* (1.05 to 2.69) |
| Northern Europe | 2.60** (1.44 to 4.70) | 2.76*** (1.58 to 4.80) | 3.23*** (1.74 to 5.97) |
| Southern Europe | 1.17 (0.58 to 2.35) | 1.77 (0.96 to 3.28) | 2.15* (1.11 to 4.18) |
| Asia | 0.96 (0.19 to 4.94) | 1.15 (0.29 to 4.57) | 0.71 (0.13 to 3.92) |
| Framingham 10-year predicted risk for CVD incidence (threshold=20%)21 22 | |||
| Australia | 1.67*** (1.52 to 1.82) | 2.13*** (1.94 to 2.34) | 2.37*** (2.14 to 2.63) |
| UK and Ireland | 1.71*** (1.30 to 2.25) | 1.88*** (1.45 to 2.45) | 2.16*** (1.64 to 2.85) |
| Northern Europe | 2.55*** (1.70 to 3.85) | 2.27*** (1.59 to 3.23) | 2.33*** (1.60 to 3.40) |
| Southern Europe | 1.32 (0.94 to 1.84) | 1.67** (1.21 to 2.30) | 2.07*** (1.45 to 2.95) |
| Asia | 1.65# (0.99 to 2.76) | 1.89** (1.20 to 2.97) | 1.63* (1.02 to 2.61) |
*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, #p=0.054.
BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio.