AHI <5 | AHI ≥5 | p Value | AHI <15 | AHI ≥15 | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male gender | 15/32 (47%) | 67/97 (69%) | 0.034 | 38/73 (52%) | 44/56 (79%) | 0.003 |
Age (years) | 44 (12) | 51 (11) | 0.004 | 48 (13) | 51 (9) | 0.103 |
Weight (kg) | 89 (19) | 101 (22) | 0.022 | 92 (21) | 107 (20) | 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 31 (28–36) | 33 (29–40) | 0.118 | 31 (27–36) | 34 (31–41) | 0.009 |
Obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) | 18/28 (64%) | 61/85 (72%) | 0.482 | 38/63 (60%) | 41/50 (82%) | 0.014 |
Neck circumference (inch) | 15 (2) | 17 (2) | <0.001 | 16 (2) | 17 (1) | <0.001 |
Neck circumference ≥17 inch | 4/22 (18%) | 45/76 (59%) | 0.001 | 18/54 (33%) | 31/44 (70%) | <0.001 |
Mallampati | 2 (1) | 2 (1) | 0.192 | 2 (1) | 2 (1) | 0.900 |
SBP (mm Hg) | 134 (17) | 136 (16) | 0.480 | 134 (15) | 138 (18) | 0.194 |
DBP (mm Hg) | 82 (11) | 83 (9) | 0.528 | 81 (10) | 85 (10) | 0.086 |
Diabetes | 2/32 (6%) | 6/97 (6%) | 1.000 | 4/73 (5%) | 4/56 (7%) | 0.727 |
Hypertension | 7/32 (22%) | 36/97 (37%) | 0.134 | 18/73 (25%) | 25/56 (45%) | 0.024 |
Hyperlipidaemia | 2/32 (6%) | 18/97 (19%) | 0.156 | 10/73 (14%) | 10/56 (18%) | 0.625 |
Loud snorer | 28/32 (88%) | 92/97 (95%) | 0.224 | 65/73 (89%) | 55/56 (98%) | 0.077 |
Witnessed apnoeas | 15/32 (47%) | 72/97 (74%) | 0.008 | 40/73 (55%) | 47/56 (84%) | <0.001 |
Nocturia* | 11/32 (34%) | 38/97 (39%) | 0.679 | 26/73 (36%) | 23/56 (41%) | 0.585 |
Nocturnal wakenings* | 18/32 (56%) | 65/97 (67%) | 0.293 | 46/73 (63%) | 37/56 (66%) | 0.853 |
Nocturnal choking | 15/32 (47%) | 35/97 (36%) | 0.301 | 28/73 (38%) | 22/56 (39%) | 1.000 |
Nocturnal gasping | 11/32 (34%) | 38/97 (39%) | 0.679 | 26/73 (36%) | 23/56 (41%) | 0.585 |
FENO (ppb) | 15 (12–25) | 18 (12–26) | 0.595 | 15 (11–24) | 19 (12–27) | 0.050 |
Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.2 (1.1) | 5.4 (1.0) | 0.431 | 5.3 (1.1) | 5.4 (0.9) | 0.674 |
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.3 (1.0–1.5) | 1.1 (1.0–1.3) | 0.008 | 1.2 (1.0–1.4) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 0.016 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.9 (1.0–2.5) | 2.2 (1.5–3.2) | 0.015 | 1.9 (1.3–2.9) | 2.3 (1.6–3.2) | 0.042 |
Cholesterol/HDL | 4.1 (3.3–5.0) | 4.7 (3.8–5.7) | 0.011 | 4.3 (3.5–5.6) | 4.8 (4.0–5.8) | 0.022 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 34 (32–37) | 38 (36–41) | 0.001 | 36 (33–39) | 38 (36–42) | 0.002 |
CRP | 3.0 (1.2–8.5) | 3.8 (1.4–7.5) | 0.608 | 3.0 (1.3–7.6) | 4.3 (1.4–8.6) | 0.173 |
Data presented as mean (SD), median (IQR) or proportion (percentage) as appropriate. Significant differences in italics.
*≥2/Night.
AHI, apnoea hypopnoea index; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C reactive protein; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FENO, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; ODI, oxygen desaturation index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SDB, sleep disordered breathing.