Table 2

Univariate and multivariate meta-regression for change in dietary fatty acid (covariate=percentage energy change in SFA, PUFA, MUFA and LA between intervention vs control groups)

Covariate	Number of studies or subsets	β-Coefficient	95% CI	p Value	Heterogeneity (I²) (%)
	All-cause mortality (univariate)
SFA	8	0.0029	−0.1156 to 0.1216	0.953	75.24
PUFA	8	0.0253	−0.0351 to 0.0858	0.345	72.97
MUFA	8	−0.0024	−0.1475 to 0.1426	0.968	72.04
LA	8	0.0355	−0.0387 to 0.1099	0.286	73.04
	Cardiovascular mortality (univariate)
SFA	9	0.0089	−0.0900 to 0.1079	0.836	56.89
PUFA	9	0.0182	−0.0449 to 0.0813	0.517	58.23
MUFA	9	0.0186	−0.1428 to 0.1801	0.793	56.58
LA	9	0.0245	−0.0517 to 0.1008	0.472	58.10
	Total cardiovascular events (univariate)
SFA	9	0.0181	−0.0884 to 0.1247	0.699	70.88
PUFA	9	0.0157	−0.0444 to 0.0759	0.556	73.70
MUFA	9	−0.0069	−0.1172 to 0.1033	0.885	75.80
LA	9	0.0224	−0.0492 to 0.0940	0.484	74.05
	Myocardial infarction (univariate)
SFA	9	0.0114	−0.0813 to 0.1041	0.780	66.23
PUFA	9	0.0011	−0.0529 to 0.0551	0.962	66.60
MUFA	9	−0.0224	−0.1267 to 0.0818	0.627	69.19
LA	9	0.0028	−0.0627 to 0.06840	0.922	66.87
	All-cause mortality (multivariate)
SFA	8	0.0800	−0.1390 to 0.2991	0.368	77.39
PUFA	8	0.0568	−0.0534 to 0.1671	0.226
MUFA	8	−0.0230	−0.2254 to 0.1793	0.768
	Cardiovascular mortality (multivariate)
SFA	9	0.0768	−0.1422 to 0.2959	0.409	67.14
PUFA	9	0.0584	−0.0660 to 0.1830	0.281
MUFA	9	−0.0381	−0.2691 to 0.1927	0.689
	Total cardiovascular events (multivariate)
SFA	9	0.1103	−0.0691 to 0.2898	0.175	77.96
PUFA	9	0.0638	−0.0347 to 0.1623	0.157
MUFA	9	−0.0825	−0.2417 to 0.0765	0.240
	Myocardial infarction (multivariate)
SFA	9	0.0665	−0.1237 to 0.2568	0.410	75.28
PUFA	9	0.0355	−0.0703 to 0.1414	0.428
MUFA	9	−0.0675	−0.2424 to 0.1072	0.366

LA, linoleic acid; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acids.