Significant predictors of benefit recipiency in adjusted logistic regression models for subgroups at risk of sick leave (n=334), on sick leave (n=529) or on long-term disability benefits (n=330)
| Benefit recipiency at 6-month follow-up | At risk of sick leave* n=70 | On sick leave** n=241 | On long-term benefits*** n=257 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Predictor variables† | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) |
| Basic demographics | |||
| Gender (women) | 1.83 (0.89 to 3.78) | 1.59 (0.99 to 2.56) | 0.37 (0.17 to 0.79) |
| Age | 0.99 (0.95 to 1.03) | 0.99 (0.97 to 1.02) | 0.99 (0.96 to 1.02) |
| Educational level | 1.06 (0.51 to 2.19) | 0.71 (0.45 to 1.10) | 1.46 (0.79 to 2.69) |
| RTW-expectations‡ | |||
| Uncertain | 1.92 (0.85 to 4.33) | 2.62 (1.47 to 4.67) | 0.61 (0.28 to 1.30) |
| Negative | 3.03 (1.22 to 7.53) | 3.78 (2.11 to 6.76) | 2.19 (1.00 to 4.79) |
| Illness perceptions | |||
| Consequences | 1.10 (0.94 to 1.29) | ||
| Timeline | 1.01 (0.91 to 1.13) | ||
| Personal control§ | |||
| Treatment control§ | |||
| Identity | 1.03 (0.90 to 1.18) | ||
| Illness concern | |||
| Understanding§ | |||
| Emotional response | |||
| Causal attributions | |||
| Work | |||
| Stress | |||
| Personal relationships | |||
| Mental health status | |||
| HADS total score | 0.99 (0.95 to 1.03) | ||
| SHC | |||
| SHC total score | 1.00 (0.98 to 1.03) | ||
| Illness duration (in years) | 1.03 (0.99 to 1.06) | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.05) | |
| Group allocation (intervention vs control) | |||
| Blue-collar workers | 1.09 (0.65 to 1.84) | ||
| Private disability insurance | |||
| Work and health¶ (1–5) | 0.87 (0.75 to 1.02) | ||
| Self reported health status** (1–5) | 1.24 (0.93 to 1.66) | ||
Significant predictors highlighted in italics.
†Investigated in unadjusted logistic regression models for all three subgroups, significant predictors carried forward to adjusted models: *Adjusted for demographic variables gender, age educational level, illness duration and RTW-expectations. **Adjusted for demographic variables gender, age educational level, RTW-expectations, illness perception components consequences, timeline, identity, mental health and SHC, illness duration, occupational grade, beliefs concerning the effect of work on health and self-reported health status. ***Adjusted for demographic variables gender, age educational level and RTW-expectations.
‡Reference category: positive RTW-expectations.
§Higher score indicates more adaptive illness perceptions.
¶Higher score indicates perceiving work as having more positive effects on health.
**Higher score indicates worse self-reported health status.
HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; RTW, return-to-work; SHC, subjective health complaints.