Characteristics of the included clozapine studies
| Study | Country | Study design | Number of participants (smokers) | Gender (male/ female) | Disease | Diagnosis | Age (mean±SD or range) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dettling et al 28 | Germany | Retrospective study | 34 (25) | 18/16 | Schizophrenia | DSM-III-R | 33.7±10.6 |
| Palego et al 29 | USA | Retrospective study | 49 (22) | 25/24 | Bipolar disorder schizophrenia, Schizoaffective disorder | DSM-IV | 36.84±1.96 (SE) |
| Weide et al.30 | The Netherlands | Retrospective study | 80 (45) | 51/29 | Schizophrenia | Unknown | 18–86 |
| Haslemo et al, 21 | Norway | Retrospective study | 33 (28) | 21/12 | Schizophrenia | Unknown | 28–62 |
DSM-III-R, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Third Edition-Revised; DSM-IV, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition.