Study | Country | Study design | Number of participants (smokers) | Gender (male/ female) | Disease | Diagnosis | Age (mean±SD or range) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Haslemo et al 21 | Norway | Retrospective study | 40 (31) | 29/11 | Schizophrenia | Unknown | 40–71 |
Nozawa et al 22 | Japan | Retrospective study | 51 (16) | 34/17 | Schizophrenia | DSM-IV | 32.6±9.6 |
Bigos et al23 | USA | Prospective study | 406 (267) | 289/117 | Schizophrenia | DSM-IV | 42±7.9 |
Laika et al24 | Germany | Retrospective study | 73 (30) | 36/37 | Schizophrenia, Mood disorder | ICD-10 | 41.7±14.7 |
Citrome et al7 | USA | Prospective study | 380 (257) | 265/115 | Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective disorder | DSM-IV | 18–60 |
Spina et al 25 | Italy | Prospective study | 18 (8) | 10/8 | Bipolar disorder, Schizoaffective disorder | DSM-IV | 39.3±8.6 |
Skogh et al26 | Sweden | Retrospective study | 37 (10) | 25/12 | Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective disorder | DSM-IV | 23–50 |
Haslemo et al27 | Norway | Retrospective study | 129 (64) | 0/129 | Unknown | Unknown | 18–40 |
DSM-IV, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition; ICD-10, International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision.