Characteristics of study participants by HPV-16 serostatus (n=450)
| Characteristics | Total study population, N (%) | HPV-16 negative (n=399, 88.7%) n (%) | HPV-16 positive (n=51, 11.3%) n (%) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age group in years | 0.111* | |||
| 21–34 | 153 (34.0) | 129 (32.3) | 24 (47.0) | |
| 35–50 | 180 (40.0) | 164 (41.1) | 16 (31.4) | |
| 51–64 | 117 (26.0) | 106 (26.6) | 11 (21.6) | |
| Mean±SD | 40.9±12.3 | 41.9±12.2 | 38.5±12.7 | 0.058† |
| Sex | 0.001* | |||
| Female | 253 (56.2) | 213 (53.4) | 40 (78.4) | |
| Male | 197 (43.8) | 186 (46.6) | 11 (21.6) | |
| Education in years | 0.836* | |||
| <12 | 138 (30.7) | 123 (30.8) | 15 (29.4) | |
| ≥12 | 312 (69.3) | 276 (69.2) | 36 (70.6) | |
| Annual family income (n=424) | 0.765* | |||
| <US $20,000 | 308 (72.6) | 274 (72.9) | 34 (70.8) | |
| ≥US $20,000 | 312 (69.3) | 102 (27.1) | 14 (29.2) | |
| Marital status | 0.874* | |||
| Never married | 77 (17.1) | 67 (16.8) | 10 (19.6) | |
| Married/cohabitating | 258 (57.3) | 230 (57.6) | 28 (54.9) | |
| Divorced/separated/widowed | 115 (25.6) | 102 (25.6) | 13 (25.5) | |
| Healthcare coverage | 0.202‡ | |||
| None | 38 (8.4) | 37 (9.3) | 1 (1.9) | |
| Government-administered | 230 (51.1) | 201 (50.4) | 29 (56.9) | |
| Private | 182 (40.4) | 161 (40.3) | 21 (41.2) | |
| Place of birth | 0.408‡ | |||
| Puerto Rico | 414 (92.0) | 365 (91.5) | 49 (96.1) | |
| USA | 36 (8.0) | 34 (8.5) | 2 (3.9) | |
| Seropositive status to HSV-2 (n=440) | 0.603* | |||
| Positive | 110 (25.0) | 96 (24.6) | 14 (28.0) | |
| Negative | 330 (75.0) | 294 (75.4) | 36 (72.0) | |
| Ever had sex (n=445) | 0.999‡ | |||
| Yes | 431 (96.9) | 382 (96.7) | 49 (98.0) | |
| No | 14 (3.1) | 13 (3.3) | 1 (2.0) | |
| Age at first sexual intercourse (n=427) | 0.467* | |||
| <18 | 228 (53.4) | 200 (52.8) | 28 (58.3) | |
| ≥18 | 199 (46.6) | 179 (47.2) | 20 (41.7) | |
| Number of lifetime sex partners (n=442) | 0.349* | |||
| 0–1 | 100 (23.6) | 91 (24.3) | 9 (18.8) | |
| 2–4 | 152 (35.9) | 137 (36.5) | 15 (31.2) | |
| ≥5 | 171 (40.4) | 147 (39.2) | 24 (50.0) | |
| Number of sexual partners normalised to the sexual exposure period Median (25th and 75th centiles) | 0.18 (0.08, 0.45) | 0.18 (0.08, 0.40) | 0.20 (0.09, 0.75) | 0.112† |
| Anal sex | 0.610* | |||
| Ever | 262 (58.2) | 234 (58.7) | 28 (54.9) | |
| Never | 188 (41.8) | 165 (41.3) | 23 (45.1) | |
| Oral sex | 0.930* | |||
| Ever | 333 (74.0) | 295 (73.9) | 38 (74.5) | |
| Never | 117 (26.0) | 104 (26.1) | 13 (25.5) | |
| History of smoking | 0.110* | |||
| Yes | 253 (56.2) | 219 (54.9) | 34 (66.7) | |
| No | 197 (43.8) | 180 (45.1) | 17 (33.3) |
*p Values from χ² test.
†p Values from Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney test.
‡p Values from Fisher's exact test.
HPV, human papillomavirus.