Reference | Site of cancer | Country | Type of study | Sampling method | Methods | N | Participants | Quality |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
16 | Breast | USA | Quantitative | Cross-sectional, purposive | Face-to-face interview | 184 | Black women with abnormal mammogram or clinical breast examination | High |
17 | Breast | USA | Quantitative | Cross-sectional, case-control | Face-to-face interview | 576 | AA women General population sample | High |
18 | Breast | USA | Quantitative | Cross-sectional, convenience | Self-report questionnaire, administered in person by investigator | 129 | AA women with breast cancer | High |
19 | Breast | UK | Quantitative | Cross-sectional, population-representative sample plus booster sample for non-white ethnic groups/women >55 years | Face-to-face, computer assisted interview | 1515 | Black (n=265), white (n=806), and South Asian (n=333) women General population sample | High |
20 | Breast | USA | Quantitative | Cross-sectional, convenience and case-control | Face-to-face interview | 954 | AA (n=378), white (n=162) women with breast cancer and community controls (n=414) | High |
21 | Breast | USA | Quantitative | Cross-sectional, 70% random sample of black women. Comparison white sample matched by age groups | Face-to-face interview | 367 | Black (n=206) and white (n=161) women with breast cancer | Medium |
22 | Breast | USA | Quantitative | Cross-sectional, convenience | Self-report questionnaire, administered in person by investigator | 352 | Black and AA women (breakdown by ethnic group not provided) General population sample | Medium |
23 | Breast | USA | Quantitative | Cross-sectional, convenience | Self-report questionnaire, administered by post | 349 | AA (n=152) and white (n=197) women General population sample | Medium |
24 | Breast | USA | Quantitative | Cross-sectional, convenience | Self-report questionnaire administered in person by investigator | 699 | Black, white and Latino women (breakdown by ethnic group not provided) General population sample | Medium |
25 | Breast | USA | Quantitative | Cross-sectional, random-stratified | Face-to-face structured interview | 682 | AA (n=280), white (n=402) General population sample | Low |
26 | Breast | USA | Quantitative | Cross-sectional, convenience | Self-report questionnaire, administered in person by investigator | 60 | AA women with breast cancer | Low |
27 | Breast | USA | Qualitative | Convenience | Focus groups, thematic and pattern analysis | 32 | AA women General population sample | Medium |
28 | Breast | USA | Qualitative | Convenience sample | Focus groups, narrative analysis | 80 | Black (mainly AA) (n=26), white (n=23), Latino (n=31) women with breast cancer | Medium |
29 | Breast | USA | Qualitative | Convenience and snowball | Interviews, narrative and content analysis | 20 | Black women with breast cancer | Medium |
30 | Breast | USA | Qualitative | Not provided | Focus groups, thematic and pattern analysis | 100 | AA women Not stated whether they had breast cancer or not | Medium |
31 | Breast | USA | Qualitative | Purposive | Ethnographic interviews, observations, fieldnotes, photographs, ethnographic analysis | 13 | AA women with breast cancer | Medium |
32 | Breast | USA | Qualitative | Convenience | Interviews, narrative and thematic analysis | 23 | AA women with breast cancer | Medium |
33 | Breast | USA | Mixed-methods | Mixed- method (cross-sectional survey with subsequent interviews | Self-report questionnaire, administered by post Follow-up telephone interview | 48 | AA women with breast cancer | Medium |