Table 2

Multivariable linear regression for cross-sectional association of modifiable risk factors with left atrial size, both measured at examination year 5 (n=2903)

Variable	Unindexed LAD (cm) (R²=0.29)		LAD/BSA (cm/m²) (R²=0.08)		LAD/height (cm/m) (R²=0.25)
Variable	Coefficient	p Value	Coefficient	p Value	Coefficient	p Value
Presence of diabetes	−0.065	0.507	−0.028	0.626	−0.034	0.561
BMI (5 kg/m²)	0.183	<0.0001	−0.025	<.0001	0.113	<0.0001
SBP (10 mm Hg)	0.021	0.005	0.004	0.374	0.007	0.125
HR (10 bpm)	−0.066	<0.0001	−0.033	<.0001	−0.037	<0.0001
Current smoker	0.070	<0.0001	0.041	<.0001	0.043	<0.0001
Using medication for HTN	0.174	0.005	0.062	0.0848	0.097	0.009
Alcohol consumption (20 mL/day)	0.010	0.159	0.007	0.0714	0.008	0.058
Physical activity score (300 u)	0.026	0.001	0.006	0.2091	0.009	0.049

Cross-sectional regression models adjusted for age, ethnicity and gender.
BMI, body mass index; BSA, body surface area; HR, heart rate; HTN, hypertension; LAD, left atrial dimension; SBP, systolic blood pressure.