Results for intangible effects
| Study | Outcomes |
|---|---|
| Bramley et al15 | Depression occurs in patients with vision loss more often (about 17%) than in patients with no vision loss, placements in nursing homes are demanded in 25.3% more, injuries happen in 33.4% more cases and femur fractures in 67.4% more cases |
| Cruess et al19 | Loss of well-being and loss in quality of life evokes 77 306 DALYs or rather $C 11.7 billion in 2007 (US$ PPP 15.11 billion in 2011) |
| Vu et al34 | Non-correctable unilateral vision loss was addicted to independent living and reduced safety; bilateral non-correctable vision loss was associated with nursing homes, emotional well-being, use of community services, and activities of daily living |
| Wood et al36 | Increased visual impairment was significantly associated with an increased incidence of falls and other injuries. 54% of participants had at least one fall, 30% had more than one fall and 63% of falls ended in injuries |
| McCarty et al27 | A linear increase of 5-year mortality correlating with a degree of visual impairment was detected; even mild visual impairment is related to a more than twofold risk of death |
| Brezin et al16 | A burden in patients occurs because of the inability to undertake daily activities; the need for assistance correlates with the degree of visual impairment; the burden on the caregiver was caused by the restricted possibilities for going out for different periods or losing social contacts, affected physical and mental welfare and modified professional activities |
| Porz et al29 | In a questionnaire with a score scale 0–100 points, patients with VA ≥0.3 achieved 79.32 for mobility and independency, 69.64 for emotional well-being and 73.86 for reading and achievement of information; persons with VA <0.3 were rated with scores of 46.84, 61.43 and 44.25, respectively |
| Roberts et al31 | Loss of well-being was measured in DALYs; converted into a monetary value, this results in total annual costs of US$ 48.598 billion (US$ PPP 51.8 billion in 2011) and costs per capita of US$ 29 690 per year (US$ PPP 31 647) |
| Frick et al22 | The cases of blindness and visual impairment more than 209 000 QALY were projected to lost each year, this amounts to a monetary value of US$ 10 000 million (US$ PPP 12 150 in 2011) |
DALYs,disability adjusted life years; VA,visual acuity.