Table 3

Univariable and multiple variable logistic regression analyses of factors associated with small eyes

OR95% CIp Value
(A) Ocular biometric parameters: phakic participants
Univariable regression
 Anterior chamber depth (per 1 mm)0.060.03 to 0.12<0.001
 Mean keratometry (per 1D)2.161.82 to 2.57<0.001
 Spherical equivalent (per 1D)2.672.35 to 3.03<0.001
Multiple variable regression
 Anterior chamber depth (per 1 mm)0.020.01 to 0.08<0.001
 Mean keratometry (per 1D)5.973.98 to 8.98<0.001
 Spherical equivalent (per 1D)5.894.16 to 8.31<0.001
(B) Other parameters: all participants
Univariable regression
 Age (per decade)1.060.82 to 1.360.67
 Female sex2.751.70 to 4.43<0.001
 Height (per 10 cm)0.460.36 to 0.58<0.001
 Weight (per 10 kg)0.600.51 to 0.72<0.001
 BMI (per 5 kg/m2)0.680.52 to 0.890.005
 Social class
  ProfessionalRef
  Managerial/technical0.810.39 to 1.690.57
  Skilled non-manual0.910.40 to 2.090.82
  Skilled manual0.950.43 to 2.100.90
 Partly-skilled1.060.44 to 2.530.90
  Unskilled1.760.53 to 5.770.35
 Education level
  Less than O levelRef
  O level1.310.69 to 2.500.41
  A level0.940.57 to 1.550.81
  Degree0.930.50 to 1.760.83
 Systolic blood pressure (per 10 mm Hg)1.111.01 to 1.230.029
 Diastolic blood pressure (per 10 mm Hg)0.970.78 to 1.200.78
 Self-reported alcohol intake
  No intakeRef
  <7 units/week0.810.48 to 1.370.43
  ≥7<14 units/week0.610.33 to 1.130.12
  ≥14<21 units/week0.610.28 to 1.330.22
  ≥21 units/week0.700.38 to 1.280.25
 Smoking status
  NeverRef
  Ever0.850.56 to 1.270.41
 Intraocular pressure (mm Hg)0.950.90 to 1.010.09
Multiple variable regression
 Age (per decade)0.890.68 to 1.170.40
 Female sex0.910.47 to 1.770.77
 Height (per 10 cm)0.420.29 to 0.59<0.001
 BMI (per 5 kg/m2)0.690.53 to 0.900.006
 Systolic blood pressure (per 10 mm Hg)1.111.01 to 1.220.030
 Intraocular pressure (mm Hg)0.930.88 to 0.990.030

  • Ref: reference category. For the multiple variable regression models (either A or B), only parameters reaching statistical significance in the respective univariable analysis were included, and only those in the final model shown.

  • BMI, body mass index.