Individual-level, network-level and city-level variables for IDUs in eight Russian cities
| Irkutsk | Omsk | Chelyabinsk | Yekaterinburg | Naberezhnye Chelny | Voronezh | Orel | St Petersburg | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size | 279 | 350 | 306 | 300 | 341 | 309 | 300 | 411 |
| Syringe-borne virus prevalence | ||||||||
| HIV serology | ||||||||
| HIV positive | 159 (57%) | 30 (9%) | 46 (15%) | 193 (64%) | 42 (13%) | 8 (3%) | 44 (15%) | 244 (59%) |
| Missing | 1 (0%) | 1 (<1%) | 6 (2%) | 0 | 6 (2%) | 0 | 0 | 11 (3%) |
| HCV serology | ||||||||
| HCV positive | 236 (85%) | 252 (72%) | 152 (51%) | 270 (90%) | 164 (49%) | 222 (72%) | 183 (61%) | 358 (90%) |
| Missing | 1 (0%) | 1 (<1%) | 6 (2%) | 0 | 6 (2%) | 0 | 0 | 11 (3%) |
| Individual level sociodemographic variables | ||||||||
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 193 (69%) | 262 (75%) | 272 (89%) | 189 (63%) | 259 (76%) | 222 (72%) | 210 (70%) | 3000 (73%) |
| Missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Age | ||||||||
| Mean | 26.7 | 29.7 | 24.7 | 28.1 | 28.0 | 31.0 | 26.0 | 29.9 |
| Median | 26 | 29 | 24 | 28 | 28 | 30 | 26 | 29 |
| Range | 16–43 | 16–53 | 15–51 | 19–44 | 17–49 | 16–63 | 17–51 | 15–57 |
| Individual level sociodemographic variables | ||||||||
| Educational level | ||||||||
| Not complete secondary | 10 (4%) | 42 (12%) | 6 (2%) | 21 (7%) | 1 (0%) | 0 | 0 | 33 (8%) |
| Complete secondary | 230 (82%) | 283 (81%) | 260 (85%) | 249 (83%) | 266 (78%) | 264 (85%) | 216 (72%) | 341 (83%) |
| Beyond secondary | 38 (14%) | 25 (7%) | 34 (11%) | 30 (10%) | 72 (21%) | 45 (15%) | 81 (27%) | 29 (7%) |
| Missing data | 1 (<1%) | 0 | 6 (2%) | 0 | 2 (1%) | 0 | 3 (1%) | 8 (2%) |
| Individual level risk variables—past month | ||||||||
| Duration of injection (years) | ||||||||
| Mean | 9.1 | 9.1 | 5.3 | 8.5 | 7.3 | 10.2 | 5.9 | 9.3 |
| Median | 8 | 10 | 5 | 9 | 8 | 10 | 5 | 10 |
| Range | 0–22 | 0–32 | 0–20 | 0–16 | 0–16 | 0–40 | 0–30 | 0–34 |
| Injected with an HIV+ IDUs | ||||||||
| Yes | 121 (43%) | 14 (4%) | 74 (24%) | 138 (46%) | 122 (36%) | 7 (2%) | 114 (38%) | 216 (53%) |
| No | 78 (28%) | 336 (96%) | 164 (54%) | 63 (21%) | 155 (45%) | 231 (75%) | 184 (61%) | 55 (13%) |
| Do not know | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96 (32%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 124 (30%) |
| Missing | 80 (29%) | 0 | 68 (22%) | 3 (1%) | 64 (19%) | 71 (23%) | 2 (1%) | 15 (4%) |
| Individual level risk variables—past month | ||||||||
| Injected with used syringe | ||||||||
| More than half | 6 (2%) | 12 (3%) | 4 (1%) | 6 (2%) | 7 (2%) | 3 (1%) | 1 (0%) | 38 (7%) |
| Half or fewer | 58 (21%) | 104 (30%) | 87 (28%) | 34 (11%) | 72 (21%) | 93 (30%) | 30 (10%) | 141 (34%) |
| Never | 206 (74%) | 233 (67%) | 193 (63%) | 259 (86%) | 262 (77%) | 206 (67%) | 268 (70%) | 223 (54%) |
| Missing data | 9 (3%) | 1 (<1%) | 22 (7%) | 1 (<1%) | 0 | 7 (2%) | 1 (<1%) | 9 (2%) |
| Shared paraphernalia | 73 (26%) | 214 (61%) | 184 (60%) | 195 (65%) | 273 (80%) | 281 (91%) | 227 (76%) | 316 (77%) |
| Shared rinse water | 89 (32%) | 154 (44%) | 116 (38%) | 114 (38%) | 106 (31%) | 111 (36%) | 36 (12%) | 255 (62%) |
| Injected with prefilled syringes | 75 (27%) | 154 (44%) | 83 (27%) | 84 (28%) | 85 (25%) | 179 (58%) | 111 (37%) | 86 (21%) |
| Injected methamphetamine-like stimulants | 0 | 14 (4%) | 30 (10%) | 89 (30%) | 62 (18%) | 7 (2%) | 79 (26%) | 30 (7%) |
| Individual level protective factors | ||||||||
| Injected with sterile syringe | ||||||||
| Always in last 30 days | 177 (63%) | 215 (61%) | 192 (63%) | 241 (80%) | 229 (67%) | 193 (62%) | 257 (86%) | 280 (68%) |
| Harm reduction services | ||||||||
| None | 234 (84%) | 294 (84%) | 198 (65%) | 225 (75%) | 276 (81%) | 271 (88%) | 284 (95%) | 361 (88%) |
| <Once/month | 13 (5%) | 27 (8%) | 17 (6%) | 17 (6%) | 10 (3%) | 7 (2%) | 7 (2%) | 32 (8%) |
| ≥Once/month | 20 (7%) | 28 (8%) | 90 (29%) | 59 (20%) | 52 (15%) | 31 (10%) | 7 (2%) | 18 (4%) |
| Missing data | 12 (4%) | 1 (0%) | 1 (0%) | 0 | 3 (1%) | 0 | 2 (1%) | 0 |
| Governmental drug treatment | ||||||||
| Ever | 162 (58%) | 60 (17%) | 89 (29%) | 45 (15%) | 204 (60%) | 105 (34%) | 63 (21%) | 152 (37%) |
| Last year | 126 (45%) | 26 (7%) | 49 (16%) | 24 (8%) | 146 (43%) | 93 (30%) | 27 (9%) | 111 (27%) |
| Perfect HIV knowledge | 145 (52%) | 123 (35%) | 199 (65%) | 108 (36%) | 204 (60%) | 198 (64%) | 66 (22%) | 239 (52.8%) |
| Network level variable | ||||||||
| RDS network size, past 6 months | ||||||||
| Mean | 35.8 | 39.9 | 10.8 | 49.7 | 16.6 | 21.9 | 17.3 | 10.4 |
| Median | 15 | 20 | 9 | 22 | 10 | 15 | 10 | 5 |
| Range | 1–500 | 1–1000 | 2–50 | 1–1000 | 1–500 | 1–200 | 1–150 | 1–500 |
| City level variables | ||||||||
| Commercial Heroin Dominant (% of IDUs reporting any use, past 30 days) | Yes (98%) | Yes (99%) | Yes (98%) | Yes (99%) | Yes (100%) | No (1%) | No (31%) | Yes (95%) |
| Homemade heroin Dominant (% of IDUs reporting any use, past 30 days) | No (6.5%) | No (7.4%) | No (6.5%) | No (19.7%) | No (2.6%) | Yes (96.8%) | Yes (79.0%) | No (0.5%) |
| >1 in 6 IDUs reported Recent MTS use | No (0%) | No (4%) | No (10%) | Yes (30%) | Yes (18%) | No (2%) | Yes (26%) | No (7%) |
| RDS chain length | ||||||||
| Mean | 33.0 | 100.6 | 112.0 | 55.7 | 60.8 | 83.8 | 98.9 | 39.9 |
| Median | 33 | 86 | 169 | 55 | 48 | 83 | 156 | 35 |
| Range | 1–65 | 1–164 | 5–169 | 1–96 | 23–90 | 1–120 | 1–156 | 1–85 |
HCV, hepatitis C virus; IDU, injection drug user; RDS,respondent-driven sampling.