Baseline characteristics of subjects with NGT, isolated IFG, IGT and DM in the cross-sectional study
| NGT | Isolated IFG | IGT | DM | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of subjects | 693 | 93 | 167 | 105 | |
| Current smokers (%) | 48 | 42 | 45 | 50 | 0.54 |
| Age (years) | 49.5±5.5 | 50.9±5.3* | 51.1±5.3** | 52.2±4.7*** | <0.001 |
| Height (cm) | 169.9±5.7 | 168.8±5.8 | 169.1±6.0 | 168.4±5.0* | 0.03 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.1±2.5 | 23.9±3.1** | 24.6±2.8*** | 24.8±3.2*** | <0.001 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 126.4±16.3 | 135.1±16.4*** | 135.9±18.2*** | 140.2±16.3*** | <0.001 |
| Pack-year smoking | 30.5±15.6 | 38.0±22.6* | 31.1±17.3 | 38.0±18.5** | 0.002 |
| FEV1/FVC (%) | 80.1±7.0 | 79.6±7.8 | 80.9±7.4 | 79.4±8.5 | 0.36 |
| %FVC | 97.9±14.2 | 96.5±12.9 | 92.0±13.3*** | 89.2±15.7*** | <0.001 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/l) | 5.3±0.4 | 6.3±0.2*** | 5.9±0.5*** | 8.1±1.6*** | <0.001 |
| 120 min glucose (mmol/l) | 5.7±1.0 | 6.5±0.8*** | 8.8±0.8*** | 12.4±4.0*** | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.10±0.33 | 5.34±0.36*** | 5.37±0.41*** | 6.57±1.20*** | <0.001 |
| HOMA-R | 1.08±0.56 | 1.91±2.23** | 1.56±0.88*** | 2.33±1.41*** | <0.001 |
| C reactive protein (mg/l) | 0.11±0.29 | 0.09±0.14 | 0.14±0.28 | 0.18±0.46 | 0.13 |
| T-chol (mg/dl) | 202.1±32.6 | 210.0±28.7* | 209.5±36.3* | 214.8±32.2*** | <0.001 |
Values are numbers, percentages (%) or means ±SD.
*p<0.05.
**p<0.01.
***p<0.001 vs NGT.
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CRP, C reactive protein; DM, diabetes mellitus; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HOMA-R, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; IFG, increased fasting glucose; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; NGT, normal glucose tolerance; T-chol, total cholesterol.