Association between socioeconomic status (SES) and dietary sodium intake (390 mg/day) (1 g/day salt) in Australian children and adolescents aged 2–16 years (n = 4 487)*†
| Variable | Total sample (n=4 487) | Age group‡ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4–8 years (n=1 216) | 9–13 years (n=1 110) | |||||
| β (95% CI) | p Value | β (95% CI) | p Value | β (95% CI) | p Value | |
| Unadjusted | ||||||
| High SES (reference) | ||||||
| Medium SES | 0.3 (0.03 to 0.5) | 0.03 | 0.2 (−0.1 to 0.6) | 0.17 | 0.2 (−0.2 to 0.6) | 0.319 |
| Low SES | 0.5 (0.3 to 0.8) | <0.001 | 0.5 (0.1 to 1.0) | 0.02 | 0.5 (−0.02 to 1.0) | 0.06 |
| R2=0.004 | <0.01 | R2=0.008 | 0.05 | R2=0.004 | 0.16 | |
| Adjusted§ | ||||||
| High SES (reference) | ||||||
| Medium SES | 0.2 (0.01 to 0.4) | 0.04 | 0.2 (−0.1 to 0.4) | 0.13 | 0.2 (−0.2 to 0.6) | 0.23 |
| Low SES | 0.5 (0.2 to 0.7) | <0.001 | 0.6 (0.2 to 0.9) | 0.001 | 0.6 (0.1 to 1.0) | 0.01 |
| R2=0.49 | <0.001 | R2=0.37 | <0.001 | R2=0.36 | <0.001 | |
*Dependent variable is sodium intake in units of 390 mg/day (salt equivalent 1 g/day) and independent variable is SES entered as an indicator variable: high SES is the reference category.
†SES as defined by the highest level of education attained by the primary carer.
‡No association between salt intake and SES in age groups 2–3 and 14–16 years (models not shown).
§Adjusted for gender, age, energy intake and body mass index.