Male | Female | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Per cent | N | % | p Value | |
Sample size | 1201 | 51.2 | 1146 | 48.8 | |
Age (years, mean, SD) | 77.3 | 6.6 | 77.3 | 6.6 | 0.959 |
Marital status | |||||
Ex-married | 194 | 16.2 | 734 | 64.0 | <0.001 |
Single | 31 | 2.6 | 22 | 1.9 | |
Married | 974 | 81.2 | 389 | 34.0 | |
Smoking history | <0.001 | ||||
Never | 375 | 31.2 | 498 | 43.5 | |
Current | 606 | 50.5 | 437 | 38.1 | |
Quit | 220 | 18.3 | 211 | 18.4 | |
Alcohol use | 410 | 34.1 | 199 | 17.4 | <0.001 |
Exercise (times/week, mean, SD) | 5.6 | 2.6 | 5.4 | 2.7 | 0.068 |
BMI (kg/m2, mean, SD) | 23.7 | 3.1 | 24.1 | 3.9 | <0.01 |
Hospitalisation | 218 | 18.2 | 219 | 19.1 | 0.560 |
Self-rated health | <0.001 | ||||
Better | 452 | 37.6 | 302 | 26.4 | |
Normal | 632 | 52.6 | 643 | 56.1 | |
Worse | 117 | 9.7 | 201 | 17.5 | |
PCS12 score (mean, SD) | 42.9 | 10.8 | 37.6 | 11.1 | <0.001 |
MCS12 score (mean, SD) | 52.8 | 9.0 | 50.2 | 10.8 | <0.001 |
Education level | <0.001 | ||||
Postsecondary | 105 | 8.7 | 19 | 1.7 | |
Secondary | 300 | 25.0 | 101 | 8.8 | |
Primary | 610 | 50.8 | 355 | 31.0 | |
Uneducated | 127 | 10.6 | 242 | 21.1 | |
Illiterate | 59 | 4.9 | 429 | 37.4 | |
House tenure | <0.001 | ||||
Self-owned | 627 | 52.2 | 500 | 43.6 | |
Non-self-owned | 574 | 47.8 | 646 | 56.4 | |
Income | <0.001 | ||||
>10000 | 46 | 3.8 | 25 | 2.2 | |
6000–9999 | 102 | 8.5 | 97 | 8.5 | |
3000–5999 | 321 | 26.7 | 421 | 36.7 | |
2000–2999 | 295 | 24.6 | 339 | 29.6 | |
1000–1999 | 260 | 21.7 | 150 | 13.1 | |
<1000 | 177 | 14.7 | 114 | 10.0 | |
Expenditure | <0.001 | ||||
>10000 | 21 | 1.8 | 21 | 1.8 | |
6000–9999 | 196 | 16.3 | 135 | 11.8 | |
3000–5999 | 434 | 36.1 | 467 | 40.8 | |
2000–2999 | 410 | 34.1 | 345 | 30.1 | |
<2000 | 140 | 11.7 | 178 | 15.5 | |
Economic hardship | <0.001 | ||||
More than enough | 85 | 7.1 | 39 | 3.4 | |
Enough | 551 | 45.9 | 447 | 39.0 | |
Just right | 372 | 31.0 | 440 | 38.4 | |
Insufficient | 193 | 16.1 | 220 | 19.2 | |
Occupation | <0.001 | ||||
Professional | 261 | 21.7 | 79 | 6.9 | |
Workers | 747 | 62.2 | 436 | 38.1 | |
Elementary | 185 | 15.4 | 466 | 40.7 | |
Unemployed | 8 | 0.7 | 165 | 14.4 |
BMI, body mass index; MCS, mental component score; PCS, physical component score.