Table 2

Univariable analysis: predictors of ever testing for HIV

VariableStatistic*
Untested (%)Ever tested for HIV(%)Cramer's Φ
Being ‘out’ to family/friends/colleagues (=outness)
 All or almost all16.283.8 
 More than half24.175.9 
 Less than half29.770.3 
 Few39.460.6 
 None57.342.70.28
Proportion of male friends attracted to men
 Almost all14.885.2 
 More than half16.383.7 
 Approximately half20.279.8 
 Less than half28.571.5 
 Almost none of them44.655.4 
 Have no male friends45.654.40.26
Education (6 levels of ISCED†)
 No secondary qualification38.561.5 
 Some high school/trade qualification34.265.8 
 Lower secondary education30.169.9 
 Upper secondary education33.266.8 
 Higher education below degree level24.475.6 
 University degree completed19.180.90.13
Size of settlement
 Very big city or town (1 million or more)19.480.6 
 Big city or town (½ to 1 million)23.176.9 
 Medium city (100000 to ½ million)28.571.5 
 Small city (10000 to 100000)35.065.0 
 Village or rural area (<10000)36.763.30.15
mean±SDCohen's d
Internalised homonegativity1.85±1.311.37±1.180.40
Age30.43±11.5635.56±10.600.47
  • *Given a sample size of 144 177, significance is not shown (144 177 cases with an IH score are 82.8% of the eligible cases with consistent data).

  • †The six levels of the International Standardised Classification of Educational Degrees (ISCED).