N | % | Urinary cotinine* | |
---|---|---|---|
Total | 2263 | 100 | 7.4 |
Non-smokers† | 1845 | 81.5 | 4.4 |
No SHS exposure | 798 | 35.3 | <4 |
SHS exposure | 1038 | 45.9 | 7.6 |
1 source‡,§ | 735 | 32.5 | 5.8 |
2 sources | 271 | 12.0 | 11.7 |
3 sources | 32 | 1.4 | 16.9 |
Smokers§ | 418 | 18.5 | 1744.3 |
Occasional | 37 | 1.6 | 260.7 |
1–2 cigarettes/day | 76 | 3.4 | 1036.4 |
3–4 cigarettes/day | 73 | 3.2 | 1330.7 |
5–9 cigarettes/day | 141 | 6.2 | 1848.5 |
≥ 10 cigarettes/day | 91 | 4.0 | 3033.0 |
SHS, second-hand smoke.
*Median level of urinary cotinine ng/ml.
†Exposed and not exposed to SHS; Mann-Whitney test: p<0.001 for smoking and urinary cotinine.
‡Sources of exposure to SHS at work/at home/in leisure time outside the home.
§Kruskal Wallis test p<0.001.