Comparison of baseline characteristics of subjects without and with mild cognitive impairment (MCI)
| Total (n=1676) | Men (n=591) | Women (n=1085) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Without MCI | With MCI | p Value | Without MCI | With MCI | p Value | Without MCI | With MCI | p Value | |
| (N=1601) | (N=75) | (Without vs with MCI) | (N=561) | (N=30) | (Without vs with MCI) | (N=1040) | (N=45) | (Without vs with MCI) | |
| Number of subjects (prevalence, %) classified by age-strata | |||||||||
| ≤39 (year) | 45 | 0 (0.0) | 14 | 0 (0.0) | 31 | 0 (0.0) | |||
| 40–49 | 148 | 1 (0.7) | 43 | 1 (2.3) | 105 | 0 (0.0) | |||
| 50–59 | 314 | 2 (0.6) | <0.001*** | 106 | 1 (0.9) | <0.001*** | 208 | 1 (0.5) | <0.001*** |
| 60–69 | 467 | 10 (2.1) | 151 | 5 (3.2) | 316 | 5 (1.6) | |||
| 70–79 | 496 | 35 (6.6) | 202 | 14 (6.5) | 294 | 21 (6.7) | |||
| ≥80 | 131 | 27 (17.1) | 45 | 9 (16.7) | 86 | 18 (17.3) | |||
| Total | 1601 | 75 (4.5) | 561 | 30 (5.1) | 1040 | 45 (4.2) | |||
| Mean values (SDs) of MMSE summary score | 28.5 (1.7) | 21.2 (3.2) | <0.0001*** | 28.4 (1.8) | 20.7 (4.4) | <0.0001*** | 28.6 (1.7) | 21.5 (2.1) | <0.0001*** |
| Mean values (SDs) of selected characteristics | |||||||||
| Age (year) | 64.7 (11.9) | 75.8 (8.1) | <0.0001*** | 65.8 (11.7) | 74.0 (9.3) | 0.0002*** | 64.1 (12.0) | 77.0 (6.9) | <0.0001*** |
| Height (cm) | 155.5 (9.1) | 148.7 (9.8) | <0.0001*** | 163.8 (7.1) | 157.4 (5.8) | <0.0001*** | 151.1 (6.7) | 142.9 (7.4) | <0.0001*** |
| Weight (kg) | 55.8 (10.7) | 51.7 (11.7) | 0.0011** | 62.5 (10.8) | 57.7 (12.1) | 0.0181* | 52.2 (8.8) | 47.7 (9.6) | 0.0007*** |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.0 (3.4) | 23.2 (3.7) | 0.5845 | 23.2 (3.2) | 23.2 (3.9) | 0.9346 | 22.9 (3.5) | 23.2 | 0.4877 |
| Grip strength (better side) (kg) | 27.8 (9.5) | 20.8 (8.5) | <0.0001*** | 36.4 (8.8) | 27.6 (8.2) | <0.0001*** | 23.3 (6.0) | 16.5 (5.3) | <0.0001*** |
| Grip strength (worse side) (kg) | 24.6 (9.3) | 16.8 (9.3) | <0.0001*** | 32.8 (9.1) | 22.4 (10.6) | <0.0001*** | 20.1 (5.6) | 13.1 (6.2) | <0.0001*** |
| Percentage of selected characteristics (%) | |||||||||
| Residing in a coastal area | 50.1 | 28.0 | <0.001*** | 47.8 | 26.7 | 0.024* | 51.4 | 28.9 | 0.003** |
| Current smoking habit (more than once a month) | 13.3 | 10.0 | 0.428 | 30.4 | 21.4 | 0.312 | 3.9 | 2.4 | 0.624 |
| Current alcohol consumption (more than once a month) | 40.5 | 24.0 | 0.004** | 67.6 | 46.7 | 0.018* | 26.0 | 8.9 | 0.010* |
| Regular exercise after graduation from school | 14.9 | 4.0 | 0.008** | 34.4 | 6.7 | 0.002** | 4.4 | 2.2 | 0.478 |
| Prevalence of KOA at the baseline (%) | 48.8 | 75.7 | <0.001*** | 41.0 | 50.0 | 0.328 | 53.0 | 93.2 | <0.001*** |
*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001
BMI, body mass index; KOA, knee osteoarthritis; MMSE, mini-mental state examination; n, number of subjects.