Baseline characteristics according to job strain in midlife in the FLAME Study
| Characteristics | Low strain | Passive | Active | High strain | p Value* |
| Deaths during follow-up, n (%) | |||||
| Men | 250 (36.8) | 283 (48.5) | 248 (43.1) | 338 (46.2) | <0.001 |
| Women | 238 (24.3) | 164 (25.9) | 162 (19.2) | 153 (21.7) | 0.01 |
| Age, mean (SD) | |||||
| Men | 50.3 (3.6) | 50.7 (3.6) | 50.3 (3.7) | 50.3 (3.5) | 0.104 |
| Women | 50.4 (3.6) | 50.6 (3.6) | 50.1 (3.6) | 50.2 (3.6) | 0.049 |
| White-collar profession, % | |||||
| Men | 46.6 | 11.6 | 47.7 | 17.5 | <0.001 |
| Women | 59.0 | 33.9 | 60.9 | 36.2 | <0.001 |
| Never smoked, % | |||||
| Men | 30.7 | 24.6 | 31.8 | 26.6 | 0.028 |
| Women | 76.6 | 73.6 | 76.6 | 78.7 | 0.32 |
| Alcohol intake ≥1 per week, % | |||||
| Men | 16.9 | 19.9 | 24.6 | 20.3 | 0.01 |
| Women | 2.4 | 3.0 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 0.47 |
| Vigorous physical activity ≥1 per week, % | |||||
| Men | 50.7 | 41.5 | 42.9 | 52.2 | <0.001 |
| Women | 52.8 | 45.2 | 54.9 | 48.5 | 0.001 |
| Cardiovascular disease, % | |||||
| Men | 16.9 | 22.3 | 27.3 | 27.8 | <0.001 |
| Women | 18.4 | 20.3 | 20.0 | 23.8 | 0.056 |
| Metabolic disorder, % | |||||
| Men | 5.6 | 8.2 | 10.9 | 9.0 | 0.004 |
| Women | 8.4 | 12.8 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 0.01 |
| Cancer at any site, % | |||||
| Men | 0.3 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 0.15 |
| Women | 1.1 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.88 |
↵* Continuous variables tested with analysis of variance and categorical variables with χ2 test.