Perinatal outcomes for pregnant women with or without type 1 diabetes and stratified on pre-pregnancy BMI
| BMI 18.5–24.9 | BMI 25–29.9 | BMI ≥30 | p Value* | |
| LGA infant | ||||
| Type 1 diabetes | 778 (47) | 603 (50) | 313 (51) | 0.170 |
| Non-diabetic | 39 265 (8.2) | 26 828 (13) | 15 049 (18) | <0.001 |
| Major malformations | ||||
| Type 1 diabetes | 65 (4.0) | 44 (3.7) | 41 (6.6) | 0.008 |
| Non-diabetic | 8186 (1.7) | 3736 (1.9) | 1610 (2.0) | <0.001 |
| Pre-eclampsia | ||||
| Type 1 diabetes | 222 (14) | 185 (15) | 114 (18) | 0.012 |
| Non-diabetic | 9872 (2.1) | 6529 (3.3) | 4810 (5.8) | <0.001 |
| Preterm delivery | ||||
| Type 1 diabetes | 322 (20) | 275 (23) | 144 (23) | 0.041 |
| Non-diabetic | 21 714 (4.5) | 9464 (4.7) | 4700 (5.7) | <0.001 |
| Perinatal mortality | ||||
| Type 1 diabetes | 14 (0.85) | 15 (1.3) | 6 (0.97) | 0.566 |
| Non-diabetic | 1554 (0.32) | 948 (0.47) | 593 (0.72) | <0.001 |
| Caesarean section | ||||
| Type 1 diabetes | 748 (46) | 639 (53) | 362 (59) | <0.001 |
| Non-diabetic | 64 131 (13) | 34 081 (17) | 18 166 (22) | <0.001 |
| Neonatal overweight | ||||
| Type 1 diabetes | 351 (21) | 288 (24) | 166 (27) | 0.016 |
| Non-diabetic | 15 359 (3) | 10 430 (5) | 6466 (8) | <0.001 |
Data are presented as numbers (percentages).
↵* χ2 test, Kruskal–Wallis test, χ2 test for trends.
BMI, body mass index; LGA, large for gestational age.