Characteristic | Regular Force personnel | Reserve Force personnel | ||
Sample n=3385 Weighted N=29 060 | Sample n=1469 Weighted N=4480 | |||
% | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | |
Past-year mental health problems | ||||
Comorbid disorders* | ||||
MDE only | 3.8 | 3.2 to 4.5 | 3.7 | 2.9 to 4.4 |
PTSD only | 2.4 | 1.9 to 2.9 | 1.8 | 1.3 to 2.4 |
PD only | 1.5 | 1.1 to 1.9 | 1.4 | 0.94 to 1.8 |
GAD only | 1.3 | 1.0 to 1.7 | 0.9 | 0.55 to 1.3 |
Alcohol abuse only | 1.1 | 0.80 to 1.5 | 2.8 | 2.1 to 3.4 |
Alcohol dependence only | 0.6 | 0.38 to 0.90 | 1.4 | 0.95 to 1.8 |
PTSD and MDE | 1.1 | 0.7 to 1.4 | 0.9 | 0.50 to 1.3 |
PTSD and other | 2.0 | 1.5 to 2.5 | 1.8 | 1.3 to 2.4 |
PTSD, MDE, other | 2.4 | 1.9 to 2.9 | 1.8 | 1.3 to 2.4 |
Mixed—no PTSD | 2.5 | 2.0 to 3.0 | 2.3 | 1.7 to 2.9 |
None identified | 81.2 | 79.9 to 82.5 | 81.1 | 79.6 to 82.7 |
Individual mental health problems | ||||
Any of the six disorders† | 18.9 | 17.6 to 20.1 | 19.3 | 17.7 to 20.8 |
Any anxiety disorder*‡ | 12.9 | 11.8 to 14.0 | 11.1 | 9.9 to 12.3 |
Any MDE | 9.3 | 8.4 to 10.2 | 8.5 | 7.4 to 9.6 |
Any PTSD | 7.7 | 6.9 to 8.6 | 6.8 | 5.8 to 7.8 |
Any PD§ | 5.1 | 4.3 to 5.8 | 4.1 | 3.3 to 4.9 |
Any GAD* | 5.8 | 5.0 to 6.5 | 4.1 | 3.3 to 4.8 |
Any alcohol abuse disorder* | 1.9 | 1.5 to 2.4 | 3.6 | 2.8 to 4.3 |
Any alcohol dependence* | 1.4 | 1.1 to 1.8 | 2.2 | 1.6 to 2.8 |
Any AUD* | 3.4 | 2.8 to 4.0 | 6.3 | 5.3 to 7.2 |
Any suicide ideation* | 4.6 | 3.9 to 5.3 | 5.8 | 4.9 to 6.8 |
Military and sociodemographic characteristics | ||||
Sex* | ||||
Male | 89.0 | 88.0 to 90.0 | 91.0 | 89.9 to 92.1 |
Female | 11.0 | 10.0 to 12.0 | 9.0 | 7.9 to 10.1 |
Age* | ||||
17–24 | 3.3 | 2.7 to 3.9 | 8.9 | 7.8 to 10.1 |
25–34 | 35.8 | 34.4 to 37.2 | 41.5 | 39.7 to 43.3 |
35–44 | 36.4 | 34.9 to 37.9 | 21.0 | 19.5 to 22.5 |
45–60 | 24.4 | 23.2 to 25.7 | 28.6 | 27.1 to 30.1 |
Rank* | ||||
JNCM | 48.2 | 47.9 to 48.5 | 48.2 | 48.0 to 48.5 |
SNCM | 32.2 | 31.9 to 32.4 | 29.0 | 28.8 to 29.2 |
Officer | 19.6 | 19.4 to 19.8 | 22.8 | 22.6 to 23.0 |
Service* | ||||
Navy | 13.8 | 12.7 to 14.8 | 3.6 | 2.9 to 4.3 |
Army | 64.6 | 63.1 to 66.1 | 85.2 | 83.9 to 86.5 |
Air Force | 21.7 | 20.4 to 23.0 | 11.2 | 10.0 to 12.4 |
Marital status* | ||||
Married/common | 74.7 | 73.3 to 76.1 | 59.8 | 58.0 to 61.6 |
Single | 16.5 | 15.3 to 17.7 | 33.9 | 32.2 to 35.7 |
Widowed, separated or divorced | 8.7 | 7.9 to 9.6 | 6.3 | 5.3 to 7.2 |
Education* | ||||
< Secondary school graduate | 4.9 | 4.2 to 5.6 | 2.2 | 1.7 to 2.8 |
Secondary school graduate | 30.2 | 28.8 to 31.7 | 20.2 | 18.6 to 21.7 |
Some postsecondary | 9.2 | 8.2 to 10.1 | 9.4 | 8.3 to 10.5 |
Postsecondary graduate | 55.7 | 54.2 to 57.2 | 68.2 | 66.4 to 69.9 |
Racial background* | ||||
White | 93.1 | 92.3 to 93.9 | 89.7 | 88.5 to 90.9 |
Non-white | 4.1 | 3.5 to 4.8 | 7.2 | 6.2 to 8.2 |
Multiple | 2.8 | 2.2 to 3.3 | 3.1 | 2.5 to 3.8 |
Household income* | ||||
<50 000 | 1.2 | 0.88 to 1.6 | 11.6 | 10.3 to 12.9 |
50 000–69 000 | 14.8 | 13.7 to 15.9 | 12.9 | 11.6 to 14.3 |
70 000–89 000 | 21.9 | 20.6 to 23.2 | 17.0 | 15.5 to 18.4 |
≥90 000 | 62.1 | 60.6 to 63.5 | 58.5 | 56.7 to 60.3 |
Income difficulty§ | ||||
Yes | 6.1 | 5.4 to 6.9 | 7.2 | 6.2 to 8.2 |
No | 93.9 | 93.1 to 94.6 | 92.8 | 91.8 to 93.8 |
Mental health training (in past 5 years) | ||||
Predeployment | 58.8 | 57.3 to 60.4 | 59.6 | 57.8 to 61.5 |
Postdeployment* | 63.1 | 61.6 to 64.6 | 67.7 | 66.0 to 69.5 |
*Regular Force and Reserve Force differ significantly (Wald Χ2P≤0.05).
†Any of the following: major depressive episode, generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, alcohol abuse disorder or alcohol dependence disorder.
‡Any of the following: generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder.
§Regular Force and Reserve Force differ with marginal significance (Wald Χ20.05<P≤0.10).
AUD, alcohol use disorder (either alcohol abuse disorder or alcohol dependence disorder); GAD, generalised anxiety disorder; JNCM, junior non-commissioned member; MDE, major depressive episode; PD, panic disorder; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; SNCM, senior non-commissioned member.