PROGRESS-Plus factors by trial type
| PROGRESS-Plus factors | Non-equity studies, n=177 | Equity-relevant studies | Equity-relevant studies, n=95 | |||||||
| All, n=95 | Targeted, n=64 | General, n=31 | Targeted, n=64 | General, n=31 | ||||||
| O | B | A | O | B | A | |||||
| Place of residence | 4 (2.3) | 19 (20) | 19 (29.7) | 0 (0) | 19 (29.7) | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Race/ethnicity/ culture/language | 62 (35) | 75 (78.9) | 57 (89.1) | 18 (58.1) | 34 (53.1) | 41 (64.1) | 7 (10.9) | 0 (0) | 18 (58.1) | 8 (25.8) |
| Occupation | 17 (9.6) | 24 (25.3) | 18 (28.1) | 6 (19.4) | 1 (1.6) | 17 (26.6) | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 6 (19.4) | 2 (6.5) |
| Gender/sex | 160 (90.4) | 91 (95.8) | 60 (93.8) | 31 (100) | 0 (0) | 60 (93.8) | 9 (14.1) | 0 (0) | 31 (100) | 22 (71) |
| Religion | 0 (0) | 1 (1.1) | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Education | 57 (32.2) | 57 (60) | 42 (65.6) | 15 (48.4) | 1 (1.6) | 42 (65.6) | 5 (7.8) | 0 (0) | 14 (45.2) | 9 (29) |
| Socioeconomic status | 27 (15.3) | 51 (53.7) | 45 (70.3) | 6 (19.4) | 18 (28.1) | 40 (62.5) | 2 (3.1) | 0 (0) | 5 (16.1) | 2 (6.5) |
| Social capital | 30 (16.9) | 33 (34.7) | 30 (46.9) | 3 (9.7) | 0 (0) | 30 (46.9) | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 3 (9.7) | 0 (0) |
| Plus 1. age | 167 (94.4) | 92 (96.8) | 61 (95.3) | 31 (100) | 8 (12.5) | 61 (95.3) | 7 (10.9) | 0 (0) | 31 (100) | 22 (71) |
| Plus 1. disability | 53 (29.9) | 32 (33.7) | 23 (35.9) | 9 (29) | 7 (10.9) | 22 (34.4) | 3 (4.7) | 0 (0) | 9 (29) | 1 (3.2) |
All values are expressed as n (%). O, study objective; B, baseline patient characteristics; A, study analysis. PROGRESS-Plus factors of sexual preference, features of relationships and time-dependent relationships were omitted from this table as we did not find any studies which looked at these characteristics as a potential risk factor for being disadvantaged.
Each trial is counted once under each column. Columns on the left of the table reflect the number of trials that contained PROGRESS-Plus factors in the objectives (O), baseline characteristics (B) or analysis (A). Trials that assessed for PROGRESS-Plus factors in two or more categories of O, B and A were still counted as one trial. As such, the sum of trials under headings O, B and A within targeted and general trials (columns 6–8 and 9–11) are not equal to the corresponding number of trials under targeted and general in the left side of the table (columns 4 and 5).
Targeted trials with an objective (O) defined by PROGRESS-Plus factors were further scrutinized for different PROGRESS-Plus factors in their baseline characteristics (B) or analysis (A)—the inclusion of a PROGRESS-Plus factor different from that targeted by the intervention objective (O) would warrant the trial to be counted under headings B and A in their respective PROGRESS-Plus categories.