Table 4

Unstandardised beta coefficient estimates (95% CI) representing the analysis of Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers 14-item scores and subscales scores adjusted for sociodemographic and education factors

		Attitude				Social distance				Disclosure				14-item total
		Beta	P value	95% CI		Beta	P value	95% CI		Beta	P value	95% CI		Beta	P value	95% CI
Age		−0.030	0.513	−0.120	0.060	0.038	0.120	−0.010	0.087	−0.002	0.939	−0.048	0.044	0.006	0.926	−0.130	0.143
Student group	Medical students	−1.702	<0.001	−2.458	−0.947	−0.101	0.622	−0.505	0.303	0.429	0.028	0.046	0.812	−1.375	0.018	−2.515	−0.235
Student group	Nursing students	Ref				Ref				Ref				Ref
Gender	Male	0.389	0.203	−0.210	0.988	−0.191	0.242	−0.511	0.129	−0.299	0.054	−0.602	0.005	−0.101	0.826	−1.005	0.803
Gender	Female	Ref				Ref				Ref				Ref
Ethnicity	Malay	0.375	0.371	−0.447	1.197	−0.160	0.475	−0.600	0.279	0.180	0.398	−0.237	0.596	0.395	0.532	−0.846	1.635
	Indian and others	0.124	0.781	−0.752	1.000	−0.385	0.107	−0.853	0.083	0.129	0.569	−0.315	0.573	−0.132	0.844	−1.453	1.189
	Chinese	Ref				Ref				Ref				Ref
Average monthly household income	Below $2000	1.180	0.006	0.335	2.025	−0.112	0.628	−0.564	0.340	−0.022	0.918	−0.451	0.406	1.046	0.108	−0.229	2.321
	$2000–$3999	0.981	0.019	0.162	1.800	0.098	0.660	−0.340	0.536	−0.107	0.615	−0.522	0.309	0.972	0.123	−0.264	2.208
	$4000–$5999	0.695	0.126	−0.195	1.585	−0.100	0.682	−0.575	0.376	−0.271	0.239	−0.722	0.180	0.325	0.635	−1.017	1.667
	$6000–$9999	0.471	0.370	−0.495	1.329	−0.197	0.429	−0.684	0.291	−0.021	0.928	−0.483	0.441	0.199	0.776	−1.176	1.575
	≥$10 000	Ref				Ref				Ref				Ref
School academic year	Year 1	Ref				Ref				Ref				Ref
	Year 2	−0.372	0.296	−1.070	0.326	0.299	0.116	−0.074	0.672	0.124	0.491	−0.229	0.478	0.051	0.924	−1.002	1.104
	Year 3	−0.606	0.173	−1.479	0.267	−0.080	0.736	−0.547	0.387	0.045	0.843	−0.398	0.487	−0.641	0.339	−1.958	0.675
	Year 4	−0.516	0.357	−1.616	0.584	−0.199	0.507	−0.787	0.389	0.052	0.855	−0.506	0.609	−0.663	0.433	−2.322	0.996
	Year 5	−1.068	0.105	−2.360	0.224	−0.466	0.186	−1.157	0.225	−0.154	0.644	−0.809	0.500	−1.688	0.089	−3.638	0.261
Status of clinical placement	Not attended	−0.799	0.033	−1.535	−0.063	−0.165	0.411	−0.558	0.229	0.006	0.973	−0.367	0.379	−0.957	0.091	−2.067	0.153
Status of clinical placement	Attended	Ref				Ref				Ref				Ref

Statistically significant results (P ≤ 0.05) are in bold.