Table 1

Demographics and comorbidities of the ACOS and non-ACOS cohorts

Variable	ACOS				p Value
	No (n=11 625)		Yes (n=5814)
	n	%	n	%
Sex					0.99
Female	4828	41.5	2414	41.5
Male	6797	58.5	3400	58.5
Age, years					0.99
40–49	1950	16.8	975	16.8
50–64	4242	36.5	2121	36.5
≥65	5433	46.7	2718	46.8
Mean (SD)*	63.3	12.2	63.8	12.2	0.55
Comorbidity
Diabetes	1449	12.5	774	13.3	0.11
Hypertension	4221	36.3	2799	48.1	<0.001
Hyperlipidaemia	2169	18.7	1418	24.4	<0.001
Hyperuricaemia	176	1.51	140	2.41	<0.001
End-stage renal disease	25	0.22	6.	0.10	0.10
Bone fractures	1243	10.7	794	13.7	<0.001
Pneumonia	494	4.25	1045	18.0	<0.001
Mental disorders	2960	25.5	2435	41.9	<0.001
Stroke	476	4.09	362	6.23	<0.001
Tobacco dependency	54	0.46	76	1.31	<0.001
Medicine
Bisoprolol	44	0.38	26	0.45	0.50
Atenolol	137	1.18	49	0.84	0.04
Metoprolol	7	0.06	3	0.05	0.82
Beta-blockers	217	1.87	89	1.53	0.11

χ² test.
*Student’s t-test.
ACOS, asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome.