Covariate | Observations | Coefficient | 95% CI | p Value | Adjusted R2 (%) | I2 residual (%) |
Age | 11 | 8.26×10−3 | −0.06 to 0.08 | 0.79 | −10.29 | 99.65 |
Diagnostic criteria | 15 | NA | NA | 0.23 | 12.77 | 99.45 |
Geographical location* | 19 | NA | NA | 0.04 | 75.92 | 99.00 |
Sex | 13 | −4.07 | −10.18 to 2.00 | 0.17 | 8.99 | 99.67 |
Sample size | 19 | −1.21×10−6 | −2.47×10−6 to 3.66×10−8 | 0.06 | 4.20 | 100.00 |
Study quality | 19 | 0.02 | −0.16 to 0.20 | 0.82 | −5.64 | 99.54 |
Study setting | 19 | 0.24 | −0.49 to 0.96 | 0.50 | −2.65 | 99.28 |
Year of publication | 19 | 0.16 | −0.04 to 0.07 | 0.52 | −2.54 | 99.41 |
*p<0.05.
Adjusted R2, proportion of between-study variance explained with Knapp-Hartung modification; I2 residual, per cent residual variation due to heterogeneity; NA, not applicable; Observations, number of studies with observations included in the meta-regression model.