Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis* | |||
Variable | HR (95% CI) | p Value | HR (95% CI) | p Value |
Sex (male) | 2.44 (1.26 to 4.74) | 0.009 | 1.64 (0.82 to 3.26) | 0.161 |
Age groups, years (reference: age≤50) | ||||
51–65 | 1.42 (0.58 to 3.48) | 0.441 | 1.17 (0.47 to 2.90) | 0.739 |
>65 | 4.22 (1.89 to 9.39) | <0.001 | 2.92 (1.27 to 6.75) | 0.012 |
Baseline comorbidity | ||||
Diabetes mellitus | 2.10 (1.01 to 4.37) | 0.047 | 1.47 (0.70 to 3.12) | 0.313 |
Gallstone | 5.60 (2.37 to 13.24) | <0.001 | 5.05 (2.10 to 12.16) | <0.001 |
Hepatitis B | 2.28 (0.71 to 7.37) | 0.168 | – | – |
Hepatitis C | 2.21 (0.79 to 6.20) | 0.130 | – | – |
Hyperlipidaemia | 1.10 (0.49 to 2.47) | 0.817 | – | – |
Hypertriglyceridaemia | NA | NA | – | – |
Steroid >5 mg orally (equal to prednisolone) | 6.99 (3.53 to 13.88) | <0.001 | 7.66 (3.71 to 15.84) | <0.001 |
Time-dependent drug effect | ||||
Hydroxychloroquine | 0.26 (0.11 to 0.62) | 0.002 | 0.23 (0.09 to 0.55) | 0.001 |
Cyclophosphamide | 9.61 (2.26 to 39.27) | 0.002 | 5.27 (1.16 to 23.86) | 0.031 |
Azathioprine | 1.88 (0.45 to 7.78) | 0.384 | – | – |
Ciclosporin | NA | NA | – | – |
Sulfasalazine | NA | NA | – | – |
Methotrexate | NA | NA | – | – |
Mycophenolate mofetil | NA | NA | – | – |
*Age groups, sex and other variables with p<0.05 were selected in multivariate analysis.
NA, not available (did not converge).