Table 2

Differences in mean 2D:4D ratios (with p values and effect sizes) between males and females, and between patients with ALS and controls

Groups (n)	Mean 2D:4D (SD)	Mean 2D:4D difference (95% CI)	p Value	Effect size (d)
Male–female left hand
Male control (112)	0.978 (0.0467)	−0.015 (-0.026 to −0.0028)	0.016	0.28
Female control (258)	0.993 (0.0557)	−0.015 (-0.026 to −0.0028)	0.016	0.28
Male ALS (124)	0.979 (0.0521)	−0.017 (-0.032 to −0.0017)	0.029	0.32
Female ALS (75)	0.996 (0.0537)	−0.017 (-0.032 to −0.0017)	0.029	0.32
Male–female right hand
Male control (111)	0.979 (0.0461)	−0.014 (-0.025 to −0.0023)	0.019	0.28
Female control (258)	0.993 (0.0542)	−0.014 (-0.025 to −0.0023)	0.019	0.28
Male ALS (124)	0.978 (0.0508)	−0.017 (-0.032 to −0.0026)	0.021	0.34
Female ALS (77)	0.995 (0.0529)	−0.017 (-0.032 to −0.0026)	0.021	0.34
Control–ALS left hand
Male control (112)	0.978 (0.047)	−0.00094 (-0.014 to 0.012)	0.884
Male ALS (124)	0.979 (0.0521)	−0.00094 (-0.014 to 0.012)	0.884
Female control (258)	0.993 (0.0557)	−0.0033 (-0.018 to 0.011)	0.649
Female ALS (75)	0.996 (0.0537)	−0.0033 (-0.018 to 0.011)	0.649
Control–ALS right hand
Male control (111)	0.979 (0.0461)	0.0013 (-0.011 to 0.014)	0.835
Male ALS (124)	0.978 (0.0508)	0.0013 (-0.011 to 0.014)	0.835
Female control (258)	0.993 (0.0542)	−0.0022 (-0.016 to 0.012)	0.751
Female ALS (77)	0.995 (0.0529)	−0.0022 (-0.016 to 0.012)	0.751

2D:4D, ratio of the length of the index finger (2D) to the ring finger (4D); ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.