First author, year | Patient number (male %) | LMA type; size | LMA inserter | Surgery; ASA status | Anaesthetic technique | Intervention |
Aghamohammadi, 2013 20 | Sm: 30 C: 30 | Unclear; unclear | Unclear | Day urology; I–III | Midazolam 0.01 mg/kg, fentanyl 1 µg/kg, propofol 2 mg/kg; rescued by propofol 0.5 mg/kg | Sm: SCh 0.1 mg/kg C: saline |
Chae, 1997 24 | Sl: 35 (26) C: 35 (29) | Unclear; 4 (males), 3 (females) | Experienced anaesthesiologists | Exclude head and neck surgery; I–II | Midazolam 0.05 mg/kg IM, propofol 2.5 mg/kg | Sl: SCh 1 mg/kg C: saline |
Cheng, 2002 16 | Sm: 20 (35) Sl: 20 (50) C: 20 (60) | Unclear; unclear | Unclear | Unclear; I–II | Etomidate 0.3 mg/kg; rescued by boluses of propofol 50 mg; maintained by N2O 66%, isoflurane, fentanyl 1 µg/kg | Sm: SCh 0.25 mg/kg Sl: SCh 0.5 mg/kg C: saline |
Ho, 1999 23 | Sm: 30 (70) C: 30 (43) | Unclear; unclear | Unclear | Unclear; I–II | Propofol 2.5 mg/kg, rescued by propofol 1 mg/kg; maintained by 70% N2O, isoflurane | Sm: SCh 0.1 mg/kg C: saline |
Jain, 2015 2 | Sm: 25 C: 25 M: 25 | LMA classic manufacturer guideline | one experienced anesthesiologist | Urogynacological <1 hour; I–II | Propofol 2.5 mg/kg, rescued by boluses of propofol 0.25 mg/kg; maintained by N2O 50% with sevoflurane 2%–3% | Sm: SCh 0.25 mg/kg C: no placebo M: midazolam 0.04 mg/kg |
Shahin, 2010 21 | Sm: 30 C: 30 | Unclear; unclear | Unclear | Unclear; I–II | Metoclopramide 0.2 mg/kg, tramadol 2 mg/kg, glycopyrrolate 0.005 mg/kg, propofol until loss of eye lash reflex; rescued by propofol (unclear dose) | Sm: SCh 0.1 mg/kg C: saline |
Liou, 2004 3 | Sl: 20 (35) C: 20 (35) F: 20 (35) | Unclear; 3 (<70 kg), 4 (>70 kg) | Three experienced anaesthesiologists | Unclear; I–II | Atropine 0.01 mg/kg, etomidate 0.3 mg/kg; rescued by boluses of propofol 50 mg | Sl: SCh 1 mg/kg C: no placebo F: fentanyl 2 µg/kg |
Salem, 2000 22 | Sm: 20 (100) C: 20 (100) M: 20 (100) | Unclear; unclear | Unclear | Cyctoscopy; I–II | Propofol 2.5 mg/kg, rescued by propofol 0.25 mg/kg every 15 s; maintained by N2O 50% with isoflurane 1%–2% | Sm: SCh 0.1 mg/kg C: no placebo M: midazolam 0.04 mg/kg |
Yoshino, 1999 15 | Sm: 20 (40) Sl: 20 (35) C: 20 (35) | Unclear; unclear | One experienced anaesthesiologist | Body surface surgery; I–II | Hydroxydine1mg/kg IM, thiopental 5 mg/kg; rescued by additional thiopental or sevoflurane; maintained by N2O 66% with sevoflurane 1%–3% | Sm: SCh 0.25 mg/kg Sl: 0.5 mg/kg C: saline |
Yu, 200519 | Sl: 20 (35) C: 20 (35) F: 20 (35) | Unclear; 3 (<70 kg), 4 (>70 kg) | Unclear | Unclear; I–II | Atropine 0.01 mg/kg, xylocaine 0.4 mg/kg with propofol 2 mg/kg, rescued by propofol, SCC 0.5 mg/kg or inhalation agents | Sl: SCh 0.5 mg/kg C: no placebo F: fentanyl 2 µg/kg |
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; C, control; F, fentanyl; IM, intramuscular; LMA, laryngeal mask airway; M, midazolam; SCh, succinylcholine; Sl, low-dose succinylcholine; Sm, mini-dose succinylcholine.