Characteristics for whole sample, depressed participants (Cornell cut-off ≥8) and not depressed participants
| Registered (n) | Whole sample (n=170) | Range (min–max)† | Depressed (n=38) | Not depressed (n=124) | p Value | |
| Gender, women (n) (%)‡ | 170 | 125 (73.5) | 29 (76.3) | 90 (72.6) | 0.65 | |
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 169 | 86.9 (7.4) | 60–100 | 86.1 (7.6) | 86.7 (7.5) | 0.85 |
| Duration of stay in nursing home (months), mean (SD) | 154 | 25.7 (24.5) | 3–199 | 28.7 (23.9) | 25 (25.3) | 0.43 |
| Number of chronic disorders, mean (SD) | 142 | 3.4 (1.9) | 0–11 | 3.9 (2.3) | 3.3 (1.8) | 0.09 |
| Number of drugs, mean (SD) | 142 | 6.4 (3.4) | 0–21 | 7.3 (3.5) | 6.1 (3.3) | 0.09 |
| Use of walking aid (n) (%)‡ | 170 | 118 (69.4) | 29 (76.3) | 83 (66.9) | 0.27 | |
| Able to rise from chair independently (n) (%)‡ | 168 | 158 (92.9) | 33 (86.8) | 118 (95.2) | 0.04* | |
| Mini Mental State Examination score in points, mean (SD) | 147 | 15.6 (4.9) | 2–28 | 15.6 (5.2) | 15.7 (4.9) | 0.86 |
| Berg Balance Scale in points, mean (SD) | 166 | 34.7 (14.0) | 3–56 | 29.6 (15.7) | 36 (13.3) | 0.03* |
| Berg cut-off of 45, number in risk of falling (n) (%)‡ | 166 | 115 (67.6) | 29 (76.3) | 82 (66.1) | 0.32 | |
| 30 s Chair Stand Test, number of rises from chair, mean (SD) | 167 | 6.1 (3.0) | 0–14 | 5.0 (3.0) | 6.4 (3.0) | 0.02* |
| Comfortable walking speed in m/s, mean (SD) | 166 | 0.5 (0.2) | 0.1–1.4 | 0.4 (0.2) | 0.5 (0.2) | 0.32 |
| Maximum walking speed in m/s, mean (SD) | 166 | 0.8 (0.3) | 0.1–2.1 | 0.7 (0.3) | 0.8 (0.3) | 0.08 |
| Barthel Index in points, mean (SD) | 162 | 13.5 (3.5) | 5–20 | 12.7 (3.3) | 13.7 (3.6) | 0.13 |
| Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia, mean (SD) | 162 | 4.9 (4.6) | 0–21 | 11.7 (3.6) | 2.8 (2.1) | 0.000* |
*p<0.05.
p Value refers to significance level based on Independent sample t-test between depressed and not depressed, ‡Significance level based on Χ2 test.†For blank rows, range as a measure is not applicable since the variable represents categorical data. n, number of registered; SD, standard deviation.
Gender (1=female and 2=male), age expressed in years, length of nursing home stay in months, diagnoses and medications given in number, the use of walking aids (0=no and 1=yes) and ability to rise from chair independently (0=no and 1=yes).
Mini Mental State Examination: range 0–30; low score indicates poor cognitive function. Berg Balance Test: range 0–56; high score indicates good balance. Number in risk of falling (0=no, score ≥45 and 1=yes, score <45).39 30 s Chair Stand Test (number of rises from chair within 30 s), comfortable and maximum walking speed in m/s; high scores on the physical tests indicate better physical function. Barthel Index: range 0–20; high score indicates greater dependency. Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia: range 0–38; high score indicates more depressive symptoms (0=not depressed, Cornell score <8; 1=depressed, Cornell score ≥8).