Characteristics of participants
| Characteristics | (n=331) |
| Maternal characteristics | |
| Deprivation index score | 1.07±12.50 |
| Height (cm) | 162.41±6.41 |
| Weight (kg) | 64.15±13.3 |
| BMI | 24.29±4.67 |
| Age (years) | 29.88±5.65 |
| GA at enrolment in PORTO (weeks) | 29.56±4.01 |
| Diastolic blood pressure | 67.53±9.55 |
| Systolic blood pressure | 114.54±14.59 |
| European ethnicity | 285 (86.1) |
| Spontaneous conception | 329 (99.4) |
| Smoker | 76 (23.0) |
| Drinker | 6 (1.8) |
| Pre-eclampsia | 21 (6.3) |
| Infant characteristics | |
| Birth weight (g) | 2573.88±658.69 |
| GA at delivery (weeks) | 38.16±2.73 |
| Preterm (<37 weeks) | 68 (20.5) |
| Late/moderately (32 to <37 weeks) | 51 (15.4) |
| Very (28 to <32 weeks) | 15 (4.5) |
| Extremely (<28 weeks) | 2 (0.6) |
| Admitted to NICU | 77 (23.3) |
| Adverse perinatal outcome | 11 (3.3) |
| Apgar score at 1 min | 8.58±1.06 |
| Apgar score at 5 min | 9.58±0.60 |
| Abnormal UA PI (IUGR) | 122 (36.9) |
| AEDF | 20 (6.0) |
| GA at AEDF diagnosis | 29.45±3.68 |
| Abnormal MCA PI | 114 (34.4) |
| Abnormal CPR | 57 (17.2) |
Continuous variables represented as mean±SD and categorical variables as n (%).
AEDF, absent end diastolic flow; BMI, body mass index; CPR, cerebroplacental ratio; GA, gestational age; IUGR, intrauterine growth restriction; MCA, middle cerebral artery; NICU, neonatal intensive care unit; PI, pulsatility index; PORTO, Prospective Observational Trial to Optimise Paediatric Health in Intrauterine Growth Restriction; UA, umbilical artery.