Sample size of neuroimaging longitudinal studies in patients in the subacute stage after severe TBI
| Authors/year | N (longitudinal) | Method | Main finding |
| Venkatesan et al 201523 | 13 | Resting-state fMRI | Hippocampus – dorsolateral prefrontal cortex connectivity at subacute stage positively correlates with attentional performance at both subacute and chronic stages. |
| Sidaros et al 200824 | 23 | Diffusion MRI | Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) results at the subacute stage predict outcome 1 year later. |
| Sidaros et al 200927 | 24 | Diffusion MRI | Percentage of brain volume changes at the subacute stage significantly improved prediction of long-term status as compared with clinical examination alone. |
| Rosanova et al 201220 | 5 | TMS-EEG | Changes in effective connectivity accompany changes in LOC as clinically assessed. No prediction of outcome analyses. |
| Newcombe et al 201625 | 12 | Diffusion MRI | Changes in white matter integrity significantly correlate with outcome. |
| Roy et al 201726 | 14 | Resting-state fMRI | Activation patterns within the frontal default mode network and temporal-parietal attentional control regions is a significant predictor of cognitive performance. |
| Edlow et al 201628 | 11 | Diffusion MRI | Optimal timing of DTI for TBI prognostication may be in the subacute period. |
| Average | 14.5 |
fMRI, functional MRI; LOC, loss of consciousness; TBI, traumatic brain injury; TMS-EEG, transcranial magnetic stimulation with electroencephalography.