Primary outcome and subgroup analyses of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients’ socio-demographic characteristics: adjusted mean differences in physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores for the total sample and subgroups, adjusted for respective baseline PCS or baseline MCS scores and age, gender, baseline forced expiratory volume in one second of predicted normal (FEV1), marital status, cancer and diabetes
| Socio-demographic characteristics | ||||||||
| Effectiveness Total sample | PCS 0.1 |
PCS 95% CI (−1.4 to 1.7) | Wald test p value | ICC 0.0 | MCS 0.4 | MCS 95% CI (−1.7 to 2.4) | Wald test p value | ICC 0.0 |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Female (54%) | −0.3 | (−1.6 to 1.1) | 0.6 | 0.0 | −0.5 | (−2.6 to 1.7) | 0.3 | 0.0 |
| Male (46%) | 0.5 | (−2.1 to 3.2) | −1.3 | (−1.9 to 4.5) | ||||
| Age (years) | ||||||||
| <60 (16%) | −0.5 | (−4.0 to 3.1) | 0.7 | 0.0 | −0.1 | (−4.3to 4.1) | 0.9 | 0.0 |
| 60–69 (33%) | −1.2 | (−3.2 to 0.9) | −0.7 | (−3.7 to 2.3) | ||||
| 70–79 (38%) | 1.0 | (−1.9 to 3.9) | 0.7 | (−2.7 to 4.2) | ||||
| ≥80 (13%) | 1.7 | (−3.6 to 7.0) | 2.2 | (−5.0 to 9.3) | ||||
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Married/relationship (58%) | 0.3 | (−1.8 to 2.4) | 0.7 | 0.0 | 1.0 | (−2.2 to 4.2) | 0.8 | 0.0 |
| Single (23%) | −0.9 | (−3.8 to 2.0) | −0.6 | (−4.9 to 3.6) | ||||
| Widow/widower (19%) | 0.9 | (−2.6 to 4.3) | −0.5 | (−4.9 to 4.0) | ||||
| Smoking status | ||||||||
| Non-smokers (66%) | 0.4 | (−1.6 to 2.5) | 0.6 | 0.0 | 1.3 | (−1.6 to 4.3) | 0.2 | 0.0 |
| Smoker (34%) | −0.4 | (−2.8 to 1.9) | −1.5 | (−4.3 to 1.4) | ||||
| Job status | ||||||||
| Full-time job (5%) | −1.2 | (−6.1 to 3.8) | 0.8 | 0.0 | 6.0 | (−12.6 to 0.6) | 0.2 | 0.0 |
| Part-time job (7%) | −0.8 | (−5.0 to 3.3) | 0.8 | (−5.2 to 6.9) | ||||
| No job (88%) | 0.3 | (−1.4 to 2.0) | 0.7 | (−1.7 to 3.2) | ||||
| Education | ||||||||
| Elementary school, 7th–10th grade (48%) | 0.1 | (−1.6 to 1.8) | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.7 | (−2.0 to 3.4) | 0.7 | 0.0 |
| High school (2%) | 0.6 | (−7.9 to 9.0) | 4.7 | (−8.0 to 17.4) | ||||
| Skilled worker (34%) | 0.8 | (−1.8 to 3.4) | 1.2 | (−2.5 to 4.9) | ||||
| Short-term education (2–3 years) (8%) | −1.6 | (−5.7 to 2.5) | −2.4 | (−8.1 to 3.3) | ||||
| Middle-term education (3–5 years) (7%) | −0.5 | (−6.4 to 5.5) | −4.3 | (−10.2 to 1.6) | ||||
| Long-term education (5–8 years) (1%) | −0.8 | (−18.7 to 17.1) | 0.4 | (−22.6 to 23.4) | ||||
All data are based on norms-based scoring.
Multilevel linear models controlling for baseline PCS or MCS score and age, gender, baseline FEV1, marital status, cancer and diabetes and clustering. Priori hypothesis was that adding telehealthcare to usual practice would improve patients’ health-related quality of life relative to usual practice.
Mean difference; 95% CIs.
ICC, intraclass coefficient.