Item 20. Results: economic evaluation
Resource use, costs, economic outcomes and analysis for the implementation strategyResource use, costs, economic outcomes and analysis for the intervention
Examples
Health economic outcomes (Implementation strategy)

Health economic outcomes (Intervention)
Estimated total up-front investment for this Coordinated-Transitional Care (C-TraC) pilot was $300 per person enrolled, which includes all staff, administrative, and implementation costs.84… given the observed decrease in re-hospitalizations of 5.8% versus the comparison group, it is estimated that the C-TraC program avoided 361.6 days in acute care over the first 16 months, leading to an estimated gross savings of $1,202,420. After accounting for all program costs, this led to estimated net savings of $826,337 overall or $663 per person enrolled over the first 16 months of the program…84
In the base-case analysis, the difference in costs between intervention and control group was £327, and the difference in QALYs was 0.027, which generated an ICER point estimate of £12 111 per QALY gained. The probability of the intervention being cost effective was 89% at the NICE threshold of £30 000 per QALY.85
Explanation
Reporting of economic results should adhere to existing relevant guidelines.71 72 It should be clear whether the economic results relate to the implementation strategy, the intervention that is being implemented or both. Reporting should be transparent and cover the following aspects of the evaluation:
  • Full description of study parameters, including representation of variation, with separate reporting of resource use and costs. For models and budget impact analyses, all input parameters should be reported separately.

  • For composite cost and outcome metrics (eg, an ICER or a probability of cost-effectiveness against a given willingness-to-pay threshold), individual costs and outcomes should additionally be reported separately.

  • Separate reporting of any sensitivity analyses.

  • Provision of budget impact calculators or simulation model programmes may be valued by healthcare decision-makers, and should be developed following specific guidance.72