Clinical characteristics of the cohort of HIV-positive children at enrolment
| Height, z-score, mean (SD) | −1.02 (1.45) |
| BMI, z-score, mean (SD) | −0.90 (1.26) |
| % malnourished (BMI z-score <2) | 17.4 (100) |
| % adequate nourishment (−2>BMI z-score <2) | 81.4 (468) |
| % obese (BMI z-score >2) | 1.2 (7) |
| Child took ARV prophylaxis after birth, % yes (n) | 1.1% (7) |
| Clinical stage at initiation of ART, % of total (n) | |
| Stage 1 | 20.6% (129) |
| Stage 2 | 35.1% (220) |
| Stage 3 | 37.1% (232) |
| Stage 4 | 7.2% (45) |
| Clinical stage at enrolment, % of total (n) | |
| Stage 1 | 88.6% (552) |
| Stage 2 | 6.9% (43) |
| Stage 3 | 4.0% (25) |
| Stage 4 | 0.5% (3) |
| Viral load at initiation, % yes (n) | 0.8% (5) |
| Substitution of ART drugs, % yes (n) | 42.6% (253) |
| Reason for substitution, % of those with substitution (n) | |
| Toxicity or side effects | 14.7% (39) |
| Tuberculosis coinfection | 0.8% (2) |
| National Guideline Change | 70.3% (187) |
| Total ART duration, months, mean (SD) | 45.4 (35.8) |
| ART regimen, % of total (n) | |
| AZT, 3TC, EFV | 13.5% (84) |
| AZT, 3TC, NVP | 45.9% (286) |
| D4T, 3TC, EFV | 5.5% (34) |
| D4T, 3TC, NVP | 20.4% (127) |
| TDF, 3TC, EFV/NVP | 9.6% (60) |
| AZT,D4T, 3TC, PI | 0.3% (2) |
| ABC, 3TC, NVP/EFV/PI | 4.8% (30) |
| Adherence of caregiver if taking ART over past month by VAS, mean (SD) | 93.7% (12.3) |
| Adherence of child reported by caregiver over past month by VAS, mean (SD) | 94.4% (11.9) |
| Tuberculosis, % ever diagnosed (n) | 24.7% (154) |
| Type of TB diagnosed, % with ever TB diagnosis (n) | |
| Pulmonary | 91.2% (134) |
| Disseminated | 3.4% (5) |
| Lymph node | 4.8% (7) |
| Currently prescribed PCP prophylaxis, % yes (n) | 32.6% (202) |
| Caregiver worried about stigma, % yes (n) | 23.9% (150) |
| Child's HIV status disclosed to them, % yes (n) | 45.6% (283) |
ART, anti-retroviral treatment; ARV, anti-retroviruses; BMI, body mass index; PCP, pneumocystis jirovecii; TB, tuberculosis.