Variables | Multilevel RM (M4) | Multilevel RM (M4) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2008–2012 | ||||||
Est (SE) | U value (p) | Est (SE) | U value (p) | Est (SE) | U value (p) | Est (SE) | U value (p) | Est (SE) | U value (p) | |
RATIO_HP | 1.288 (0.038) | 33.89 (<0.0001) | 1.282 (0.039) | 32.87 (<0.0001) | 1.283 (0.039) | 32.90 (<0.0001) | 1.286 (0.040) | 32.15 (<0.0001) | 0.312 (0.013) | 24.00 (<0.0001) |
LG_RTA | 0.128 (0.005) | 25.60 (<0.0001) | 0.130 (0.005) | 26.00 (<0.0001) | 0.118 (0.004) | 29.50 (<0.0001) | 0.102 (0.004) | 25.50 (<0.0001) | 0.032 (0.001) | 32.00 (<0.0001) |
RATIO_B (<5) (reference) | ||||||||||
5–9 | −0.068 (0.104) | −0.65 (0.511) | −0.047 (0.110) | −0.43 (0.670) | −0.067 (0.126) | −0.53 (0.594) | −0.125 (0.121) | −1.03 (0.303) | 0.027 (0.033) | −0.82 (0.414) |
10–20 | 0.027 (0.409) | 0.07 (0.950) | 0.045 (0.368) | 0.12 (0.904) | −0.177 (0.372) | −0.48 (0.635) | −0.019 (0.342) | −0.05 (0.956) | −0.046 (0.115) | −0.40 (0.691) |
>20 | −2.920 (0.466) | −6.27 (<0.0001) | −0.958 (0.570) | −1.68 (0.093) | −0.644 (0.479) | −1.34 (0.178) | 0.079 (0.582) | −0.14 (0.890) | −0.133 (0.135) | −0.99 (0.327) |
Facility type (CHC) (reference) | ||||||||||
TH | −0.090 (0.030) | −3.00 (0.003) | −0.099 (0.030) | −3.30 (0.001) | −0.116 (0.031) | −3.74 (0.0001) | −0.113 (0.031) | −3.65 (0.0003) | −0.170 (0.025) | −6.80 (<0.0001) |
TCH | −0.113 (0.031) | −3.65 (0.0003) | −0.121 (0.031) | −3.90 (0.0001) | −0.126 (0.031) | −4.06 (<0.0001) | −0.131 (0.032) | −4.09 (<0.0001) | −0.174 (0.026) | −6.69 (<0.0001) |
Region (East) (reference) | ||||||||||
Central | −0.603 (0.215) | −2.80 (0.005) | −0.621 (0.216) | −2.88 (0.032) | −0.635 (0.218) | −2.91 (0.004) | −0.603 (0.221) | −2.73 (0.006) | −0.631 (0.287) | −2.20 (0.028) |
West | −1.024 (0.200) | −5.12 (<0.0001) | −1.064 (0.201) | −5.29 (<0.0001) | −1.080 (0.202) | −5.35 (<0.0001) | −1.079 (0.204) | −5.29 (<0.0001) | −0.809 (0.207) | −3.91 (<0.0001) |
Est stands for parameter estimate of each covariate by regression coefficients in each of the models.
CHC, community health centre; LG_RTA, log(ratio of total assets per staff); RATIO_B, ratio of beds per staff (grouped as <5, 5–9, 10–20, >20); RATIO_HP, ratio of health professional over all staff; RM, repeated measures; TCH, town centre hospital; TH, township hospital.