Risk factors for possible hospital-acquired suspected ADRs in 194 of 762 inpatients, Uganda, 2014
| Possible ADR, n (%) | Crude analysis | Adjusted analysis | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Yes | No | OR | 95% CI for OR | p Value | β-adj | OR | 95% CI for OR | p Value |
| Gender | |||||||||
| Male | 51 (22) | 177 (78) | 1.0 | 1.01 | |||||
| Female | 143 (27) | 391 (73) | 1.3 | 0.88 to 1.83 | 0.201 | 0.011 | 1.00 | 0.67 to 1.53 | 0.959 |
| Age: mean (SD) | 33.5 (13.6) | 35.3 (15.1) | 1.0 | 0.98 to 1.00 | 0.151 | −0.0006 | 1.00 | 0.98 to 1.01 | 0.933 |
| Number of conventional medicines | |||||||||
| Five or less | 39 (16) | 205 (84) | 1.0 | 1.00 | |||||
| Six or more | 155 (30) | 363 (70) | 2.2 | 1.52 to 3.32 | <0.001 | 1.001 | 2.72 | 1.79 to 4.13 | <0.001 |
| Use of herbal medicines in the 4 weeks prior hospitalisation | |||||||||
| No | 127 (23) | 428 (77) | 1.0 | 1.00 | |||||
| Yes | 67 (32) | 140 (68) | 1.6 | 1.13 to 2.29 | 0.008 | 0.519 | 1.68 | 1.16 to 2.43 | 0.006 |
| HIV-positive | |||||||||
| No/unknown | 138 (26) | 392 (74) | 1.0 | 1.00 | |||||
| Yes | 56 (24) | 176 (76) | 0.9 | 0.63 to 1.29 | 0.580 | −0.589 | 0.55 | 0.31 to 0.99 | 0.045 |
| Charlson's comorbidity index | |||||||||
| Two or less | 147 (26) | 420 (74) | 1.0 | 1.00 | |||||
| Three or more | 47 (24) | 148 (76) | 0.9 | 0.62 to 1.32 | 0.614 | −0.613 | 0.54 | 0.24 to 1.24 | 0.146 |
| Interaction: Charlson's index≥3 & HIV+status | |||||||||
| No interaction | 157 (25) | 472 (75) | 1.0 | 1.00 | |||||
| Interaction | 37 (28) | 96 (72) | 1.2 | 0.76 to 1.76 | 0.492 | 1.235 | 3.44 | 1.22 to 9.71 | 0.020 |
| Hospitalisation in past 3 months | |||||||||
| No | 125 (24) | 407 (76) | 1.0 | 1.00 | |||||
| Yes | 69 (30) | 161 (70) | 1.4 | 0.99 to 1.97 | 0.059 | 0.448 | 1.57 | 1.09 to 2.26 | 0.016 |
| Gynaecological ward | |||||||||
| No | 128 (22) | 443 (78) | 1.0 | 1.00 | |||||
| Yes | 66 (35) | 125 (65) | 1.8 | 1.28 to 2.61 | 0.001 | 0.771 | 2.16 | 1.36 to 3.44 | 0.001 |
| Intercept | – | – | −2.19 | 0.11 | 0.06 to 0.23 | ||||
Except for gender (male coded 1 and female coded 2), indicator variables were coded 0 for baseline, 1 otherwise; regression χ2=53.99 on 9 df (p<0.001); β-adj=adjusted regression coefficient.