Table 1

Levels of evidence for generic prognostic factors for poor outcome for musculoskeletal pain

Level of evidenceDefinition
StrongConsistent significant findings (≥75%) in studies of high quality, at least 2 studies
ModerateConsistent significant findings (≥75%) in studies of high and low quality with at least one study of high quality in the direction of consistent significant findings
WeakSignificant findings of only one study of high quality or consistent significant findings (≥75%) in studies of low quality
InconclusiveSignificant findings in less than 3 studies of low quality, or inconsistent significant findings (regardless of quality)