Cross-sectional socio-demographic characteristics and health outcomes of singletons in the Millennium Cohort Study at ages 3 (n=15 381) and 11 (n=13 112); number (n), weighted percentages (%)
| Age 3 | Age 11 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Overweight (n=13 315) % | Limiting long-standing illness (n=15 232) % | Socio-emotional difficulty (n=14 217) % | Total | Overweight (n=11 790) % | Limiting long-standing illness (n=13 002) % | Socio-emotional difficulty (n=12 584) % | |||
| n | % | n | % | |||||||
| Cohort member's sex | ||||||||||
| Male | 7862 | 51.0 | 23.1 | 3.3 | 23.7 | 6632 | 51.7 | 26.6 | 9.9 | 20.7 |
| Female | 7519 | 49.1 | 24.9 | 2.9 | 18.5 | 6480 | 48.3 | 31.3 | 6.5 | 13.6 |
| χ2 test p value | – | – | 0.04 | 0.2 | <0.001 | – | – | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Cohort member's ethnic group | ||||||||||
| White | 12 768 | 86.5 | 24.1 | 3.0 | 20.3 | 10 837 | 84.4 | 27.7 | 8.4 | 17.3 |
| Indian | 398 | 1.9 | 12.4 | 3.8 | 25.0 | 338 | 2.1 | 30.1 | 5.2 | 17.1 |
| Pakistani/Bangladeshi | 1024 | 4.3 | 22.1 | 3.7 | 39.5 | 943 | 5.1 | 37.7 | 6.1 | 14.8 |
| Black/Black British | 505 | 2.8 | 29.7 | 2.7 | 20.9 | 423 | 3.5 | 40.7 | 6.0 | 13.6 |
| Mixed | 444 | 3.2 | 24.1 | 5.4 | 23.6 | 378 | 3.5 | 34.9 | 12.6 | 20.6 |
| Other (incl. Chinese) | 223 | 1.3 | 24.3 | 3.2 | 28.9 | 186 | 1.5 | 26.1 | 4.3 | 17.2 |
| χ2 test p value | – | – | 0.002 | 0.08 | <0.001 | – | – | <0.001 | 0.01 | 0.4 |
| Maternal age at first live birth (years) | ||||||||||
| 12–17 | 979 | 6.5 | 25.1 | 4.9 | 38.6 | 782 | 8.2 | 26.2 | 8.9 | 28.3 |
| 18–20 | 2661 | 18.2 | 24.3 | 4.1 | 31.7 | 2251 | 21.4 | 32.6 | 10.3 | 24.5 |
| 21–25 | 3769 | 25.1 | 25.0 | 3.0 | 22.1 | 3214 | 25.4 | 30.3 | 8.5 | 18.0 |
| 26–30 | 4118 | 29.0 | 23.9 | 2.4 | 14.7 | 3622 | 27.9 | 27.2 | 7.3 | 11.7 |
| 31 or more | 2711 | 20.2 | 22.5 | 2.7 | 12.0 | 2370 | 17.2 | 25.0 | 6.3 | 9.8 |
| χ2 test p value | – | – | 0.5 | <0.001 | <0.001 | – | – | <0.001 | 0.002 | <0.001 |
| Maternal highest academic attainment | ||||||||||
| Degree | 2655 | 17.8 | 22.6 | 2.8 | 8.8 | 2936 | 19.0 | 21.2 | 6.6 | 8.2 |
| Diploma | 1450 | 9.7 | 23.1 | 2.3 | 13.7 | 1589 | 11.6 | 26.1 | 6.0 | 11.1 |
| A levels | 1465 | 9.5 | 20.8 | 1.9 | 13.1 | 1137 | 8.0 | 28.0 | 7.3 | 13.8 |
| GCSE A*–C | 4986 | 34.0 | 24.1 | 3.5 | 20.9 | 3828 | 30.9 | 30.5 | 8.9 | 17.8 |
| GCSE D–G | 1597 | 11.0 | 26.6 | 3.2 | 31.2 | 1200 | 10.8 | 32.5 | 8.6 | 23.6 |
| Other (incl. overseas) | 619 | 3.6 | 26.9 | 4.0 | 32.5 | 832 | 6.9 | 32.9 | 8.8 | 23.8 |
| No qualifications | 2499 | 14.5 | 26.1 | 3.8 | 40.0 | 1521 | 12.9 | 34.5 | 11.3 | 28.6 |
| χ2 test p value | – | – | 0.03 | 0.04 | <0.001 | – | – | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
General Certificate of Education Advanced Level, A level; GCSE,General Certificate of Secondary Education.